Mr. Dawley; Summer Assignment
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| 439551859 | Abigail Adams | Wife of John Adams. During the Revolutionary War, she wrote letters to her husband describing life on the homefront. She urged her husband to remember America's women in the new government he was helping to create., she stated, "Women will not hold ourselves bound to any Laws in which we have no voice.", a member of the Daughters of Liberty | |
| 439551860 | Daniel Shays | Head of Shay's Rebellion; he and several other angry farmers violently protested against debtor's jail; eventually crushed; aided in the creation of constitution because land owners now wanted to preserve what was theirs from "mobocracy" | |
| 439551861 | Alexander Hamilton | 1789-1795; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt. | |
| 439551862 | James Madison | The fourth President of the United States (1809-1817). A member of the Continental Congress (1780-1783) and the Constitutional Convention (1787), he strongly supported ratification of the Constitution and was a contributor to The Federalist Papers (1787-1788), which argued the effectiveness of the proposed constitution. His presidency was marked by the War of 1812. | |
| 439551863 | Primogeniture | seniority by birth; state of being the first-born child; right of the eldest child (to inherit the entire property of one or both parents) | |
| 439551864 | Federation | the act of constituting a political unity out of a number of separate states or colonies or provinces so that each member retains the management of its internal affairs | |
| 439551865 | Checks and Balances | A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power | |
| 439551866 | Sovereignty | ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states | |
| 439551867 | Mobocracy | Lawless control of public affairs by the mob or populace. | |
| 439551868 | Consent of the Governed | the idea that government derives its authority by the sanction of the people | |
| 439551869 | Republicanism | a form of government in which people elect representatives to create and enforce laws | |
| 439551870 | States' Rights | According to the compact theory of the Union the states retained all powers not specifically delegated to the central government by the Constitution. | |
| 439551871 | Popular Sovereignty | The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government | |
| 439551872 | Confederation | a political system in which a weak central government has limited authority, and the states have ultimate power. | |
| 439551873 | Anarchy | a state of lawlessness and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government) | |
| 439551874 | Society of the Cincinnati | A society established by former officers of the Revolutionary war as a sort of aristocracy in which traditionalism and social status was important. Thomas Jefferson and other civilians thought that this movement threatened the newly formed republic and feared it could turn into an aristocracy so they worked to disband it. This was showed that nothing would stand in the way of a democratic government. This was crucial as this is the point when most revolutions fail, but the determination from Jefferson ceased this early threat. | |
| 439551875 | Great Compromise | the agreement by which Congress would have two houses, the Senate (where each state gets equal representation-two senators) and the House of Representatives (where representation is based on population). | |
| 439551876 | Articles of Confederation | this document, the nations first constitution, was adopted by the second continental congress in 1781 during the revolution. the document was limited because states held most of the power, and congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage | |
| 439551877 | Electoral College | group of persons chosen in each state and the district of columbia every four years who make a formal selection of the president and vice president | |
| 439551878 | Land ordinance of 1785 | A major success of the Articles of Confederation. Provided for the orderly surveying and distribution of land belonging to the U.S. | |
| 439551879 | Three-Fifths Comprimise | Agreement at the Constitutional Convention that 3/5ths of slaves in any state be counted in its population. | |
| 439551880 | Northwest Ordinance | Enacted in 1787, it is considered one of the most significant achievements of the Articles of Confederation. It established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states | |
| 439551881 | Anti-Federalists | They opposed the ratification of the Constitution because it gave more power to the federal government and less to the states, and because it did not ensure individual rights. Many wanted to keep the Articles of Confederation. The Antifederalists were instrumental in obtaining passage of the Bill of Rights as a prerequisite to ratification of the Constitution in several states. After the ratification of the Constitution, the Antifederalists regrouped as the Democratic-Republican (or simply Republican) party. | |
| 439551882 | Shays' Rebellion | this conflict in Massachusetts caused many to criticize the Articles of Confederation and admit the weak central government was not working; uprising led by Daniel Shays in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay the taxes | |
| 439551883 | Federalists | supporters of the stronger central govt. who advocated the ratification of the new constitution | |
| 439551884 | Large-State Plan | The plan proposed by Virginia at the constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with representation based on population | |
| 439551885 | Constitution of the United States | Written at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and subsequently ratified by the original thirteen states, The foundation of our country's national government; was drafted in Philadelphia in 1787; the Constitution establishes a government with direct authority over all citizens, it defines the powers of the national government, and it establishes protection for the rights of states and of every individual. | |
| 439551886 | The Federalist | Essays promoting ratification of the Constitution, published anonymously by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison in 1787 and 1788. |
