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American Pageant 13th Edition - Ch. 39 Flashcards

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708176318Vietnamization540,000 American troops would be pulled out of the Southeast Asian nation and the war would be turned back over to the Vietamese0
708176319Nixon DoctrineThe South Vietnamese would slowly fight their own war, and the U.S. would only supply arms and money but not American troops1
708176320Silent MajorityAmericans who supported the war, but without noise2
708176321My Lai MassacreAmerican troops brutally massacred innocent women and children in the village of __ ___, illustrated the frustration and led to more opposition to the war.3
708176322CambodiaIn 1970, Nixon ordered an attack on ________, Vietnam's neighbor.4
708176323Kent State University, Jackson State CollegeRiots occurred at these two colleges because of Nixon's choice to invade Cambodia5
70817632426th Amendmentlowering the voting age to eighteen6
708176325Pentagon Papersexposed the deceit used by the Kennedy and Johnson administrations regarding Vietnam and people spoke of a "credibility gap" between what the government said and the reality7
708176326Daniel Ellsberga former Pentagon official, leaked the "Pentagon Papers"8
708176327Dr. Henry A. Kissingersent by Nixon to encourage better relations, a mission in which he succeeded, détente9
708176328The ABM Treaty (anti-ballistic missile treaty)treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union on the limitation of the anti-ballistic missile systems used in defending areas against missile-delivered nuclear weapons.10
708176329SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)refers to two rounds of bilateral talks and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union—the Cold War superpowers—on the issue of armament control11
708176330Earl Warrenappointed as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, he headed many controversial but important decisions12
708176331Griswold v. Connecticutstruck down a state law that banned the use of contraceptives, even by married couples, but creating a "right to privacy."13
708176332Gideon v. Wainwrightsaid that all criminals were entitled to legal counsel, even if they were too poor to afford it14
708176333Escobedo and Mirandawere two cases in which the Supreme Court ruled that the accused could remain silent15
708176334Engel v. Vitale and and School District of Abington Township v. Schemppwere two cases that led to the Court ruling against required prayers and having the Bible in public schools, basing the judgment on the First Amendment, which was argued separated church and state16
708176335Reynolds v. Simsruled that the state legislatures, both upper and lower houses, would have to be reapportioned according to the human population. This was to ensure each person's vote was weighed evenly.17
708176336Warren E. Burgerreplace the retiring Earl Warren in 1969, and this succeeded—by the end of 1971, the Supreme Court had four new members that Nixon had appointed18
708176337Supplemental Security Income (SSI)gave benefits to the indigent, aged, blind, and disabled19
708176338Philadelphia Planrequired construction-trade unions working on the federal payroll to establish "goals and timetables" for Black employees20
708176339Rachel Carsonboosted the environmental movement with her book Silent Spring, which exposed the disastrous effects of pesticides (namely, DDT)21
708176340The Clean Air Act of 1970 and the Endangered Species Act of 1973both aimed to protect and preserve the environment and animals.22
708176341George McGovernpromised to end the war within 90 days after the election and also appealed to teens and women23
708176342The War Powers Act of November 1973required the president to report all commitments of U.S. troops to Congress within 48 hours and and (2) setting a 60 day limit on those activities.24
708176343New Isolationismdiscouraged the use of U.S. troops in other countries, but Nixon fended off all efforts at this25
708176344OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)lifted the embargo in 1974, and then quadrupled the price of oil by decade's end.26
708176345Gerald Fordfirst unelected president ever27
708176346Helsinki accordsrecognized Soviet boundaries, guaranteed human rights, and eased the U.S.—Soviet situation28
708176347Title IXprohibited sex discrimination in any federally funded education program29
708176348Roe v. Wadecase legalized abortion, arguing that ending a pregnancy was protected under a right to privacy30
708176349ERA (Equal Rights Amendment)sought to guarantee gender equality through words31
708176350Milliken v. Bradley caseSupreme Court ruled that desegregation plans could not require students to move across school-district lines32
708176351Bakke case of 1978Supreme Court ruled 5 to 4 that Allan Bakke (a white applicant claiming reverse discrimination) should be admitted to U.C.—Davis med school. The decision was ambiguous saying (1) admission preference based on any race was not allowed, but conversely that (2) race could be factored into the admission policy33
708176352Thurgood MarshallThe Supreme Court's only black justice34
708176353Jimmy Carterbarely squeezed by Gerald Ford (297 to 240) for president, promising to never lie to the American public. He also had Democratic majorities in both houses of Congress35
708176354Rapid Deployment Forcethat could respond to crises anywhere in the world in a quick manner36

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