Greenstein '11
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| 282625165 | Demographic Center | An area with dense amounts of different cultures; a melting pot. | |
| 282625166 | Urbanization | City building and the movement of people to cities. | |
| 282625167 | Nativist | A person who favors those born in his country and is opposed to immigrants | |
| 282625168 | Free Incorporation | Allowed businessmen to make corporations without receiving an individual charter from the legislature. | |
| 282625169 | Clipper Ships | American boats, built during the 1840's in Boston, that were sleek and fast but inefficient in carrying a lot of cargo or passengers. | |
| 282625170 | Pony Express | Service begun in 1860 that used a relay of riders on horses to deliver mail from Missouri to California in 10 days. | |
| 282625171 | Erie Canal | A canal between the New York cities of Albany and Buffalo, completed in 1825. The canal, considered a marvel of the modern world at the time, allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufacturers to ship finished goods to sell in the West. | |
| 282625172 | Cumberland Road | The first highway built by the federal government. Constructed during 1825-1850, it stretched from Pennsylvania to Illinois. It was a major overland shipping route and an important connection between the North and the West. | |
| 282625173 | "10 Hour Day" | Established the maximum time for factory workers hours per day; 10. | |
| 282625174 | Oneida Community | A group of socio-religious perfectionists who lived in New York. Practiced polygamy; communal property; and communal raising of children. | |
| 282625175 | Lowell Factory System | Labor and production Model: all stages of textile production done under one roof, boardinghouse system, stringent codes controlling activities of factory-girls. | |
| 282625176 | Iron Horse | Popular name for the Steam Locomotive. | |
| 282625177 | Market Revolution | Major change in the U.S. economy produced by people's beginning to buy and sell good rather than make them for themselves | |
| 282625178 | Potato Famine | Caused a mass immigration of Irish to the United States. | |
| 282625179 | The "Old Deluder" | Laws created to make alcohol illegal to sell, produce, and transport. | |
| 282625180 | Cult of Domesticity | American view that preached women's role was in the house taking care of the children. | |
| 282625181 | Seneca Falls Convention | American women activist first formally demanded the right to vote at the meeting in NY made the names of Lucretia Mott & Elizabeth Cady Stanton famous, along with Susan B. Anthony. | |
| 282625182 | Hudson River School | Founded by Thomas Cole, first native school of landscape painting in the U.S.; attracted artists rebelling against the European tradition, painted many scenes of New York's Hudson River. | |
| 282625183 | Cotton Gin | A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. | |
| 282625184 | Deism | Religious belief that says God created the world and lets it run itself by natural law. | |
| 282625185 | Unitarianism | Denied Jesus, stressed goodness of human nature, salvation through faith and works. | |
| 282625186 | Transcendentalism | A philosophy pioneered by Ralph Waldo Emerson in the 1830's and 1840's, in which each person has direct communication with God and Nature. | |
| 282625187 | The Second Great Awakening | A religious revival around 1800 out of the fear that America was becoming too secular; created more branches of pre-existing religions. | |
| 282625188 | Church of Latter Day Saints | More commonly known as the Mormon Church, this group was founded by Joseph Smith in 1830. | |
| 282625189 | Camp Meetings | Religious revivals that lasted several days and were characterized by great outpourings of religious emotion. | |
| 282625190 | Oberlin College | First college to educate women as well as African Americans. | |
| 282625191 | Burned-Over District | A term that refers religious revivals to western New York. | |
| 282625192 | Millerites | Followers of a religious sect founded by William Miller who believed that the world was going to end in 1843 (and later other dates) with the second coming of Christ. | |
| 282625193 | Know Nothing Party | Secret Nativist political party that opposed Immigration during the 1840's and early 1850's. Officially called the American Party. | |
| 282625194 | Lyceum Movement | Developed in the 1800's in response to growing interest in higher education. Associations were formed in nearly every state to give lectures, concerts, debates, scientific demonstrations, and entertainment. This movement was directly responsible for the increase in the number of institutions of higher learning. | |
| 282625195 | Samuel Slater | He was a British mechanic that moved to America and in 1791 invented the first American machine for spinning cotton. He is known as "the Father of the Factory System" and he started the idea of child labor in America's factories. | |
| 282625196 | De Witt Clinton | The leader of government officials who came up with the plan to create the Erie Canal. | |
| 282625197 | Cyrus Field | In 1866, he laid a transatlantic telegraph cable to Europe, one of the most important innovations in communications. | |
| 282625198 | Elias Howe | Invented the sewing machine in 1846, which made sewing faster and more efficient. | |
| 282625199 | Chief Justice Taney | Supreme Court Cheif Justice who wrote the ruling against Dred Scott. | |
| 282625200 | Peter Cartwright | The most famous Methodist travelling frontier preacher. He traveled around the country preaching to large groups. | |
| 282625201 | Charles G. Finney | Influential evangelical revivalist of the Second Great Awakening. | |
| 282625202 | Noah Webster | American writer who wrote textbooks to help the advancement of education. He also wrote a dictionary which helped standardize the American language. He was a lexicographer. | |
| 282625203 | William H. McGuffey | Ohio teacher and preacher who published a series of grade-school readers in the 1830s, selling 122 million copies. | |
| 282625204 | John Audubon | French-American naturalist who was known for his paintings of wild birds in their natural surroundings, best known for his work Birds of America. | |
| 282625205 | Samuel Morse | United States portrait painter who patented the telegraph and developed the Morse code (1791-1872). | |
| 282625206 | Joseph Smith | Founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons). | |
| 282625207 | Brigham Young | The successor to the Mormons after the death of Joseph Smith. He was responsible for the survival of the sect and its establishment in Utah, thereby populating the would-be state. | |
| 282625208 | Emma Willard | An American women's rights advocate and the pioneer who founded the first women's school of higher education. | |
| 282625209 | Robert Owen | Factory owner, concerned with mistreatment of workers. organized one of the largest and most visionary of the early national unions, the GNCTU, or Grand National Consolidated Trades Union. Helped pass Factory Act of 1833, limiting work hours. | |
| 282625210 | Mary Lyon | Opened the Mount Holyoke female seminary in Massachusetts. This was the first institution of higher education for women only. | |
| 282625211 | Dorothea Dix | New England teacher and author who advocated for the improved treatment of the mentally ill. | |
| 282625212 | Horace Mann | Education activist who worked towards better funding, longer school years, and higher pay for teachers. | |
| 282625213 | Neal Dow | Supported and sponsored the legal banning of alcohol in the Maine Law of 1851; other states adopted this law. | |
| 282625214 | Walt Whitman | American poet and transcendentalist who was famous for his beliefs on nature, as demonstrated in his book, Leaves of Grass. | |
| 282625215 | Louisa May Alcott | American writer and reformer best known for her largely autobiographical novel Little Women (1868-1869). | |
| 282625216 | Elizabeth C. Stanton | Co-founded the 1848 Women's Rights Convention held in Seneca Falls, New York. |
