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American Pageant Ch. 21 Key Terms/People to Know Flashcards

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3636262672Battle of AntietamLandmark battle in the Civil War that essentially ended in a draw but demonstrated the prowess of the Union army, forestalling foreign intervention and giving Lincoln the "victory" he needed to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.0
3636262673Appomattox CourthouseSite where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865 after almost a year of brutal fighting throughout Virginia in the "Wilderness Campaign".1
3636262674Battle of Bull Run (Manassas Junction)First major battle of the Civil War and a victory for the South, it dispelled Northern illusions of swift victory.2
3636262675Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the WarEstablished by Congress during the Civil War to oversee military affairs. Largely under the control of Radical Republicans, the committee agitated for a more vigorous war effort and actively pressed Lincoln on the issue of emancipation.3
3636262676CopperheadsNorthern Democrats who obstructed the war effort attacking Abraham Lincoln, the draft and, after 1863, emancipation.4
3636262677Emancipation ProclamationDeclared all slaves in rebelling states to be free but did not affect slavery in non-rebelling Border States. The Proclamation closed the door on possible compromise with the South and encouraged thousands of Southern slaves to flee to Union lines.5
3636262678Battle of Fort Henry and Fort DonelsonKey victory for Union General Ulysses S. Grant, it secured the North's hold on Kentucky and paved the way for Grant's attacks deeper into Tennessee.6
3636262679Battle of FredericksburgDecisive victory in Virginia for Confederate Robert E. Lee, who successfully repelled a Union attack on his lines.7
3636262680Gettysburg AddressAbraham Lincoln's oft-quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of liberty.8
3636262681Battle of GettysburgCivil War battle in Pennsylvania that ended in Union victory, spelling doom for the Confederacy, which never again managed to invade the North. Site of General George Pickett's daring but doomed charge on the Northern lines.9
3636262682Merrimack and MonitorConfederate and Union ironclads, respectively, whose successes against wooden ships signaled an end to wooden warships. They fought an historic, though inconsequential battle in 1862.10
3636262683Peninsula CampaignUnion General George B. McClellan's failed effort to seize Richmond, the Confederate Capital. Had McClellan taken Richmond and toppled the Confederacy, slavery would have most likely survived in the South for some time.11
3636262684Reform Bill of 1867Granted suffrage to all male British citizens, dramatically expanding the electorate. The success of the American democratic experiment, reinforced by the Union victory in the Civil War, was used as one of the arguments in favor of the Bill.12
3636262685Second Battle of Bull RunCivil War battle that ended in a decisive victory for Confederate General Robert E. Lee, who was emboldened to push further into the North.13
3636262686Sherman's MarchUnion General William Tecumseh Sherman's destructive march through Georgia. An early instance of "total war," purposely targeting infrastructure and civilian property to diminish morale and undercut the Confederate war effort.14
3636262687Battle of ShilohBloody Civil War battle on the Tennessee-Mississippi border that resulted in the deaths of more than 23,000 soldiers and ended in a marginal Union victory.15
3636262688The Man Without a CountryEdward Everett Hale's fictional account of a treasonous soldier's journeys in exile. The book was widely read in the North, inspiring greater devotion to the Union.16
3636262689Thirteenth AmendmentConstitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude. Former Confederate States were required to ratify the amendment prior to gaining reentry into the Union.17
3636262690Union PartyA coalition party of pro-war Democrats and Republicans formed during the 1864 election to defeat anti-war Northern Democrats.18
3636262691Siege of VicksburgTwo and half month siege of a Confederate fort on the Mississippi River in Tennessee. Vicksburg finally fell to Ulysses S. Grant in July of 1863, giving the Union Army control of the Mississippi River and splitting the South in two.19
3636262692Wilderness CampaignA series of brutal clashes between Ulysses S. Grant's and Robert E. Lee's armies in Virginia, leading up to Grant's capture of Richmond in April of 1865. Having lost Richmond, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse.20
3636262693John Wilkes BoothActor; assassin of Lincoln.21
3636262694Robert E. LeeConfederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force.22
3636262695Clement VallandinghamA copperhead congressman. Demanded end to "wicked and cruel" war.23
3636262696Stonewall JacksonBrave commander of the Confederate Army that led troops at Bull Run. He died in the confusion at the Battle of Chancellorsville.24
3636262697Ulysses S. GrantUnion military commander who won victories when others had failed; defeated Lee.25
3636262698George McClellana general for northern command of the Army of the Potomac in 1861; nicknamed "Tardy George" because of his failure to move troops to Richmond; lost battle vs. General Lee near the Chesapeake Bay; Lincoln fired him twice.26
3636262699William ShermanHe served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861-65), for which he received recognition for his outstanding command of military strategy and criticism for the harshness of the "scorched earth" policies that he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States.27
3636262700George MeadeUnion General who replaced Hooker and defeated Lee at Gettysburg.28
3636262701Salmon ChaseOverambitious Secretary of the Treasury who had a faction vying for his succession of Lincoln.29
3636262702David FarragutUnion naval admiral whose fleet captured New Orleans and Baton Rouge.30
3636262703George PickettU.S. Army officer who became a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He is best remembered for his participation in the futile and bloody assault at the Battle of Gettysburg that bears his name.31
3636262704Edward Everett HaleWrote "The Man Without a Country."32
3636262705Battle of ChancellorsvilleThe Union was defeated again with the Confederacy being led by Robert E. Lee. General Thomas Stonewall Jackson was accidentally wounded here by one of his own men.33
3636262706Ford's Theatersite of Lincoln's assassination34

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