Forging the National Economy
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| 549352470 | Industrial Revolution | the shift, beginning in England during the 18th century, from making goods by hand to making them by machine | 0 | |
| 549352471 | "Self Reliance" (1841) | Ralph Waldo Emmerson's popular lecture-essay that reflected the spirit of individualism pervasive in American popular culture during the 1830's. | 1 | |
| 549352472 | Limited Liability | legal principle that facilitates capital investment by offering protection for individual investors, who, in cases of legal claims for bankruptcy, cannot be held responsible for more than the value of there individual shares. | 2 | |
| 549352473 | Rendezvous | The principal marketplace of the Northwest fur trade, which peaked in the 1820s and 1830s. Each summer, traders set up camps in the Rocky Mountains to exchange manufactured goods for beaver pelts. | 3 | |
| 549352474 | Commonwealth vs. Hunt (1842) | Massachusetts Supreme Court decision that strengthened the labor movement by upholding the legality of unions. | 4 | |
| 549352475 | Ecological Imperialism | Historians' term for the spoliation of Western natural resources through excessive hunting, logging, mining and grazing | 5 | |
| 549352476 | Cult of Domesticity | Pervasive nineteenth-century cultural creed that venerated the domestic role of women. It gave married women greater authority to shape home life but limited opportunities outside the domestic sphere. | 6 | |
| 549352477 | McCormick reaper (1831) | Mechanized the harvest of grains, such as wear, allowing farmers to cultivate larger plots. The introduction of the reaper in the 1830s fueled the establishment of large scale commercial agriculture in the Midwest. | 7 | |
| 549352478 | Turnpike | privately funded, toll-based public road constructed in the early nineteenth century to facilitate commerce. | 8 | |
| 549352479 | Eerie canal | A historic canal that connects the Hudson River at Albany in eastern New York with the Niagara River and the Great Lakes. It opened in 1825. | 9 | |
| 549352480 | Molly Maguires (1860s-1870s) | Secret organization of Irish miners that campaigned, at times violently, against poor working conditions in the PA mines | 10 | |
| 549352481 | Ancient Order of Hibernians (mid 1800s) | Irish semi-secret society that served as a benevolent organization for down-trodden Irish immigrants in the U..S. | 11 | |
| 549352482 | Pony Express (1860-1861) | Short-lived, speedy mail service between Missouri and California that relied on lightweight riders galloping between closely place outposts. | 12 | |
| 549352483 | Tammany Hall (est. 1789) | Powerful NY political machine that primarily drew support from the city's immigrants, who depended on Tammany Hall patronage, particularly social services. | 13 | |
| 549352484 | Know-nothing Party (1850s) | Nativist political party, aka the American party, which emerged in response to an influx of immigrants, particularly Irish Catholics. | 14 | |
| 549352485 | Transportation revolution | term referring to a series of nineteenth-century transportation innovation-turnpikes, steamboats, canals, and railroads-that linked local and regional markets, creating a national economy. | 15 | |
| 549352486 | Market Revolution | Eighteenth and nineteenth century transformation from a disaggregated, subsistence economy to a national commercial and industrial network. | 16 | |
| 549352487 | Cotton gin (1793) | Eli Whitney's invention that sped up the process of harvesting cotton. The gin made cotton cultivation more profitable, revitalizing the Southern economy and increasing the importance of slavery in the South. | 17 | |
| 549352488 | Patent office | Federal government bureau that reviews patent applications. A patent is a legal recognition of new invention, granting exclusive rights to the inventor for a period of years. | 18 | |
| 549352489 | Cumberland Road | The National Road or Cumberland Road was one of the first major improved highways in the United States to be built by the federal government. Construction began in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland, on the Potomac River | 19 | |
| 549352490 | Yellowstone National Park | the first national park in the United States, created in 1872. Located in the border area between Wyoming and Montana and Idaho; spectacular wilderness; famous for Old Faithful geyser and for buffalo and bears. Once more parks were created, the National Park Service was created by Wilson in 1916 | 20 | |
| 549352491 | John Jacob Astor | Created one of the largest fur businesses, the American Fur Company. He bought skins from western fur traders and trappers who became known as montain men. Astoria was named after him. | 21 | |
| 549352492 | Robert Fulton | This man invented the first commercially successful steamboat in the United States. | 22 | |
| 549352493 | Cyrus Field | in 1866, he laid a transatlantic telegraph cable to Europe, one of the most important innovations in communications. | 23 | |
| 549352494 | Dewitt Clinton | Governor of New York who started the Erie Canal project. His leadership helped complete the canal, which boosted the economy greatly by cutting time traveled from west New York to the Hudson. | 24 | |
| 549352495 | Cyrus McCormick | Irish-American inventor that developed the mechanical reaper. | 25 | |
| 549352496 | Samuel Slater | British-born textile pioneer in America. He oversaw construction of the nation's first successful water-powered cotton mill (1790-1793). | 26 | |
| 549352497 | Eli Whitney | invented the cotton gin | 27 | |
| 549352498 | Elias Howe | United States inventor who built early sewing machines and won suits for patent infringement against other manufacturers (including Isaac M. Singer) (1819-1867) | 28 | |
| 549352499 | Issac Singer | Helped Howe perfect the sewing machine by making it quicker and brought it to middle class families and large maufacturers. | 29 | |
| 549352500 | Samuel F.B. Morse | an American painter of portraits and historic scenes, the creator of a single wire telegraph system, and co-inventor, with Alfred Vail, of the Morse Code | 30 | |
| 549352501 | John Deere | American blacksmith that was responsible for inventing the steel plow. This new plow was much stronger than the old iron version; therefore, it made plowing farmland in the west easier, making expansion faster. | 31 | |
| 549352502 | Martin Van Buren | Served as secretary of state during Andrew Jackson's first term, vice president during Jackson's second term, and won the presidency in 1836 | 32 |
