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American Pageant Chapter 23 Vocab Flashcards

Key terms, people, and events from Chapter 23 of the 13th edition of the American Pageant.

Terms : Hide Images
1209300302Compromise of 1877Compromise that ended Reconstruction and was an end to the disputed election between Hayes and Tilden in 18760
1209300303Jim Crow LawsLegalized segregation in the South1
1209300304AmnestyComplete and total forgiveness2
1209300305Boss TweedCorrupt political boss who ran the political machine in NY City's Tammany hall3
1209300306J.P. MorganEnormously wealthy banker whose secret bailout of the federal government in 1895 aroused fierce public anger4
1209300307William Jennings BryanEloquent young Congressman from Nebraska who became the most prominent advocate of "free silver" in the early 1890s5
1209300308Ulysses S. GrantGreat military leader whose presidency was mired in corruption and political ineptitude (From Cincinnati!)6
1209300309Grover ClevelandFirst Democratic President since the Civil War; defender of laissez-faire economics and low tariffs (from Buffalo)7
1209300310Rutherford B. HayesWinner of the contested 1876 election who presided over the end of Reconstruction and a sharp economic downturn8
1209300311James GarfieldPresident whose assassination after only a few months in office spurred the passage of a civil-service law9
1209300312Pendleton Act of 1883Act established in 1883 that set up the Civil Service system, which required government jobs be given out based on merit (qualifications)10
1209300313StalwartsBelieved that government jobs should be given out based on patronage and opposed Civil Service reform11
1209300314Half-breedsRepublican party faction led by James Blaine that advocated for Civil Service reform12
1209300315Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)Supreme Court decision that stated that "separate equal" facilities were constitutional13
1209300316Gilded AgeTerm coined by Mark Twain to describe the period of government meltdown and business growth of the late 19th century14
1209300317PopulistsPolitical party that advocated for a gradual income tax, free silver, and government ownership of railroads15
1209300318Greenbacks"Soft money" third party that polled over a million votes and elected 14 Congressmen in 1878 by advocating for inflation16
1209300319McKinley TariffSky-high Republican tariff of 1890 that caused widespread anger among farmers in the Midwest and South17
1209300320Grandfather ClauseAllowed one to not pay poll taxes, or take a literacy test to vote, if one's ancestor could vote in the 1860 election18
1209300321Pork BarrelGovernment appropriations for political purposes, especially projects designed to please a legislator's local constituency19
1209300322Laissez-faireEconomic philosophy that believes the government should keep their "hands off" the economy and not interfere with it20
1209300323Credit MobilierCorrupt construction company whose bribes and payoffs to Congressmen and others created a major scandal in the Grant administration21

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