Key terms, people, and events from Chapter 23 of the 13th edition of the American Pageant.
1209300302 | Compromise of 1877 | Compromise that ended Reconstruction and was an end to the disputed election between Hayes and Tilden in 1876 | 0 | |
1209300303 | Jim Crow Laws | Legalized segregation in the South | 1 | |
1209300304 | Amnesty | Complete and total forgiveness | 2 | |
1209300305 | Boss Tweed | Corrupt political boss who ran the political machine in NY City's Tammany hall | 3 | |
1209300306 | J.P. Morgan | Enormously wealthy banker whose secret bailout of the federal government in 1895 aroused fierce public anger | 4 | |
1209300307 | William Jennings Bryan | Eloquent young Congressman from Nebraska who became the most prominent advocate of "free silver" in the early 1890s | 5 | |
1209300308 | Ulysses S. Grant | Great military leader whose presidency was mired in corruption and political ineptitude (From Cincinnati!) | 6 | |
1209300309 | Grover Cleveland | First Democratic President since the Civil War; defender of laissez-faire economics and low tariffs (from Buffalo) | 7 | |
1209300310 | Rutherford B. Hayes | Winner of the contested 1876 election who presided over the end of Reconstruction and a sharp economic downturn | 8 | |
1209300311 | James Garfield | President whose assassination after only a few months in office spurred the passage of a civil-service law | 9 | |
1209300312 | Pendleton Act of 1883 | Act established in 1883 that set up the Civil Service system, which required government jobs be given out based on merit (qualifications) | 10 | |
1209300313 | Stalwarts | Believed that government jobs should be given out based on patronage and opposed Civil Service reform | 11 | |
1209300314 | Half-breeds | Republican party faction led by James Blaine that advocated for Civil Service reform | 12 | |
1209300315 | Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | Supreme Court decision that stated that "separate equal" facilities were constitutional | 13 | |
1209300316 | Gilded Age | Term coined by Mark Twain to describe the period of government meltdown and business growth of the late 19th century | 14 | |
1209300317 | Populists | Political party that advocated for a gradual income tax, free silver, and government ownership of railroads | 15 | |
1209300318 | Greenbacks | "Soft money" third party that polled over a million votes and elected 14 Congressmen in 1878 by advocating for inflation | 16 | |
1209300319 | McKinley Tariff | Sky-high Republican tariff of 1890 that caused widespread anger among farmers in the Midwest and South | 17 | |
1209300320 | Grandfather Clause | Allowed one to not pay poll taxes, or take a literacy test to vote, if one's ancestor could vote in the 1860 election | 18 | |
1209300321 | Pork Barrel | Government appropriations for political purposes, especially projects designed to please a legislator's local constituency | 19 | |
1209300322 | Laissez-faire | Economic philosophy that believes the government should keep their "hands off" the economy and not interfere with it | 20 | |
1209300323 | Credit Mobilier | Corrupt construction company whose bribes and payoffs to Congressmen and others created a major scandal in the Grant administration | 21 |