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American Pageant Chapter 3 Flashcards

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7571923294CalvinismReformed theology that emphasizes the rule of God over all things. Associated with John Calvin.0
7571923295PredestinationBelief that God has determined which souls will preside in heaven and which will not, a decision than cannot be altered.1
7571923296PuritansProtestants seeking to reform the Church of England in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.2
7571923297SeparatistsThose who sought to break away from the Church of England.3
7571923298Mayflower Compact1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.4
7571923299Massachusetts Bay ColonyKing Charles gave the Puritans a right to settle and govern a colony in the Massachusetts Bay area.5
7571923300Great Migration70,000 refugees left England for the New World.6
7571923301Fundamental Orders of ConnecticutIs considered by some as the first written Constitution. A short document, but contains some principles that were later applied in creating the United States government. It states the powers of the government, and some limits within which that power is exercised.7
7571923302King Phillip's WarA Native American uprising that attacked New England and New York in which helped lead to the formation of the Dominion of New England.8
7571923303English Civil WarFeatured religious disputes mixed with constitutional issues concerning the powers of the monarchy.9
7571923304Dominion Of New EnglandThe British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Andros).10
7571923305Navigation LawsPromoted English shipping and control colonial trade; made Americans ship all non-British items to England before going to America.11
7571923306Glorious RevolutionFollowing the English Civil War, this event involve the British Parliament once again overthrowing their monarch in 1688-1689. James II was expelled and William and Mary were made king and queen. Marks the point at which Parliament made the monarchy powerless, gave themselves all the power, and wrote a bill of Rights.12
7571923307Salutary NeglectAn English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies.13
7571923308Blue LawsLaws designed to restrict personal behavior.14
7571923309Martin LutherA German theological reformer who denied papal power, and claimed the only sacraments were baptism and communion.15
7571923310William BradfordGovernor of the Plymouth colony. He helped the colony survive droughts, crop failures, and Indian attacks.16
7571923311John WinthropGovernor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.17
7571923312Anne HutchinsonA Puritan woman who disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony.18
7571923313Roger WilliamsHe left the Massachusetts colony and purchased the land from a neighboring Indian tribe to found the colony of Rhode Island. Rhode Island was the only colony at that time to offer complete religious freedom.19
7571923314Sir Edmund AndrosGovernor of the Dominion of New England.20
7571923315Henry HudsonExplorer for the Dutch. He claimed the Hudson River around present day New York and called it New Netherland.21
7571923316Peter StuyvesantDutch leader known as "Father Wooden Leg". Lost the New Netherlands to the English.22
7571923317James the Duke Of YorkBrother of Charles II, namesake of New York.23
7571923318William PennA devout Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania.24
8502949926Predestination宿命论 The belief that God has decided everything that will happen and that people cannot change this.25
8502950289Preside主持 To be in charge of a formal event, organization, ceremony.26
8502949927Puritans禁欲者 A person with censorious moral beliefs, especially about pleasure and sex.27
8502951008Separatists分离主义者 A person who supports the separation of a particular group of people from a larger body on the basis of ethnicity, religion, or gender.28
8502951217Refugee难民 Someone who has been forced to leave their country, especially during a war, or for political or religious reasons.29
8502952018Migration移居 Go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work.30
8502952214Reformer改革者 Someone who works to improve a social or political system.31
8502952270Puritanism清教 The beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans.32
8502952363Doctrines信条,教义 A belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, political party, or other group: the doctrine of predestination.33
8502953313Purification净化,涤罪 The act of cleaning by getting rid of impurities.34
8502953363Harass使困扰,使烦恼 To make someone's life unpleasant, for example by frequently saying offensive things to them or threatening them.35
8502953443Pilgrims朝圣者,旅行者 A person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons.36
8502953538Commonwealth联邦;共和国;国民整体 An independent country or community, especially a democratic republic.37
8502953615Covenant契约,盟约;圣约 A signed written agreement between two or more parties (nations) to perform some action.38
8502954164Franchise特权,公民权 The legal right to vote in your country's elections39
8502955447Clergy神职人员;牧师;僧侣 The official leaders of religious activities in organized religions, such as priests, rabbis , and mullahs.40
8502955554Oaths宣言 A formal and very serious promise41
8502955848Neglect疏忽 To fail to look after someone or something properly.42
8502955951Dissenter反对者 A person or organization that disagrees with an official decision or accepted opinion.43
8502956010Strife冲突,不和 Trouble between two or more people or groups.44
8502956999Shrewd精明的,狡猾的 Be good at judging what people or situations are really like.45

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