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| 119350215 | Great Plains | vast grassland between the Mississippi river and the Rocky Mountains. | |
| 119350216 | Sioux | Native American tribe of the northern plains (Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana) who resisted white expansion | |
| 119350217 | Sun Dance | A dance where the Plains Indian sought a vision to guide them for the rest of their lives. | |
| 119350218 | Great American Desert | The vast arid territory that included the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains, and the Western Plateau. Known as this before 1860, they were the lands between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Coast. | |
| 119350219 | Oregon Trail | a route from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon, used by pioneers traveling to the Oregon Territory | |
| 119350220 | Union Pacific | the railroad company that began building of the transcontinental railroad from its eastern starting point in Omaha, Nebraska | |
| 119350221 | Central Pacific | the railroad company based on the West Coast that helped build the transcontinental railroad; starting point was Sacramento, California | |
| 119350222 | Promontory Point | Point in Utah where the Transcontinental Railroad was completed | |
| 119350223 | Panic of 1873 | Economic panic caused by overexpansion and overspeculation, causing the nation's largest bank to collapse (and bringing with it many smaller banks, business firms and the stock market) | |
| 119350224 | Long Drive | name for the moving of cattle across the plains to the railroad terminals | |
| 119350225 | William F. Cody | was an American soldier, bison hunter and showman. He was born in the Iowa Territory (now the American state of Iowa), near Le Claire. He was one of the most colorful figures of the Old West, and mostly famous for the shows he organized with cowboy themes. | |
| 119350226 | Homestead Act 1862 | encouraged westward settlement by allowing heads of families to buy 160 acres of land for a small fee ($10-30); settlers were required to develop and remain on the land for five years. Over 400,000 families got land through this law. | |
| 119350227 | Exodusters | the African Americans migrating to the Great Plains state (ie: Kansas & Oklahoma) in 1879 to escape conditions in the South | |
| 119350228 | Dry farming | a way of farming dry land in which seeds are planted deep in ground where there is some moisture | |
| 119350229 | Chicago | known as Cow Town | |
| 119350230 | The Grange | Established in 1867 and also known as the Patrons of Husbandry, this organization helped farmers form cooperatives and pressured state legislators to regulate businesses on which farmers depended | |
| 119350231 | Reservation | land set aside by the United States government for Native Americans | |
| 119350232 | Chief Joseph | Leader of Nez Perce. Fled with his tribe to Canada instead of reservations. However, US troops came and fought and brought them back down to reservations | |
| 119350233 | George Custer | United States general who was killed along with all his command by the Sioux at the battle of Little Bighorn (1839-1876) | |
| 119350234 | Little Big Horn | the biggest battle of the Sioux War | |
| 119350235 | Bureau of Indian Affairs | A government agency created in the 1800s to oversee federal policy toward Native Americans | |
| 119350236 | Helen Hunt Jackson | an author who wrote A Century of Dishonor which chronicled the government's actions against the Indians. She also wrote Romona, which was a love story about Indians. Her writing helped inspire sympathy towards the Indians. | |
| 119350237 | Dawes Act of 1887 | attemt to "americanize" the indians giving each tribe 160 acres; after 25 years this property would become theirs and they would become an american citizen | |
| 119350238 | Wovoka | He was a new prophet, who promised to restore the Sioux to their original dominance on the Plains if they performed the Ghost Dance | |
| 119350239 | Ghost Dance | Ritual that celebrated a hoped for day of reckoning when settlers would disappear, buffalo would return, and Natives would reunite with ancestors | |
| 119350240 | Wounded Knee | 1890 confrontation between U.S. cavalry and Sioux that marked the end of Indian resistance | |
| 119350241 | Comstock Load | the first major U.S. deposit of silver ore, discovered under what is now Virginia City, Nevada | |
| 119350242 | Denis Kearney | Irish immigrant who settled in San Fransicso and fought for workers rights. He led strikes in protest of the growing number of imported Chineseworkers who worked for less than the Americans. Founded the Workingman's Party, which was later absorbed into the Granger movement. | |
| 119350243 | Chinese Exclusion Act | 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States | |
| 119350244 | Samuel Clemens | Known as Mark Twain, the best of the local colorists, and the first great American writer born and raised west of the Appalachians; books included Innocents Abroad (1869), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), Life on the Mississippi (1883), and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). | |
| 119350245 | John Muir | United States naturalist (born in England) who advocated the creation of national parks (1838-1914). Founded the Sierra Club. | |
| 119350246 | Sierra Club | American environmental organization. Helped promote the protection of the environment and nature. | |
| 119350247 | Hetch Hetchy | A valley in Yosemite National Park dammed to provide water for San Francisco |
