AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 11 Society, Culture, and Reform, 1820-1860
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| 5851395477 | utopian communities | Over one hundred of these experimental communities were started in the 1820s to 1860s period. (p. 210) |  | 0 |
| 5851395478 | Shakers | This early religious communal movement held property in common and separated men and women. (p. 210) |  | 1 |
| 5851395480 | Robert Owen | A Welsh industrialist and reformer who founded the New Harmony community. (p. 210) |  | 2 |
| 5851395481 | New Harmony | Nonreligious experimental socialist community founded to solve problems of inequity and alienation caused by the Industrial Revolution. (p. 210) |  | 3 |
| 5851395482 | Joseph Humphrey Noyes | He started a cooperative community in Oneida, New York. (p. 210) |  | 4 |
| 5851395484 | Charles Fourier phalanxes | In the 1840s, this French socialist, advocated that people share working and living arrangements in communities. He wanted to solve problems of competitive society, but Americans were too individualistic. (p. 210) |  | 5 |
| 5851395485 | Horace Mann | He was the leading advocate of the public school movement. (p. 213) |  | 6 |
| 5851395487 | American Temperance Society | Founded in 1826, by Protestant ministers and others, they encouraged total alcohol abstinence. (p. 212) |  | 7 |
| 5851395491 | Dorothea Dix | A reformer who was responsible for improving conditions in jails, poorhouses and insane asylums throughout the U.S. and Canada. She succeeded in persuading many states to assume responsibility for the care of the mentally ill. (p. 212) |  | 8 |
| 5851395494 | penitentiaries | These institutions took the place of crude jails. They believed that structure and discipline would bring about moral reform. (p. 213) |  | 9 |
| 5851395497 | McGuffey readers | Elementary school textbooks that encouraged hard work, punctuality, and sobriety. (p. 213) |  | 10 |
| 5851395498 | American Peace Society | Founded in 1828, this society want to abolish war. (p. 216) |  | 11 |
| 5851395499 | American Colonization Society | Founded in 1817, this organization transported free black people to an African colony. This appealed to moderates, racists, and politicians. However, only 12,000 people were actually settled in Africa. (p. 215) |  | 12 |
| 5851395500 | American Antislavery Society | The organization was founded in 1833 by William Lloyd Garrison and others. They advocated the immediate abolition of all slavery in every state. (p. 215) |  | 13 |
| 5851395501 | abolitionism William Lloyd Garrison; The Liberator | In 1831, he started the radical abolitionist movement with the "The Liberator" newspaper. He advocated the immediate abolition of all slavery in every state. (p. 215) |  | 14 |
| 5851395503 | Frederick Douglass; The North Star | In 1847, this former slave started the antislavery journal, "The North Star". (p. 215) |  | 15 |
| 5851395504 | Harriet Tubman | Famous abolitionist, born a slave, she assisted fugitive slaves to escape to free territory. (p. 215) |  | 16 |
| 5851395506 | Sojourner Truth | A United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate for the abolition of slavery and the rights of women. (p. 215) |  | 17 |
| 5851395508 | David Walker | An African American who advocated the most radical solution to the slavery question. He argued, that slaves should take action themselves by rising up in revolt against their owners. (p. 215) |  | 18 |
| 5851395513 | transcendentalists | They questioned the doctrines of established churches and business practices of the merchant class. They encouraged a mystical and intuitive way of thinking to discover the inner self and look for essence of God in nature. Artistic expression was more important than pursuit of wealth. They valued individualism and supported the antislavery movement. (p. 209) |  | 19 |
| 5851395514 | Ralph Waldo Emerson, "The American Scholar" | The best known transcendentalist, his essays and lectures expressed the individualistic and nationalistic spirit of Americans. He urged self-reliance, and independent thinking. (p. 209) |  | 20 |
| 5851395515 | Henry David Thoreau, "Walden", "On Civil Disobedience" | A pioneer ecologist and conservationist. He was an advocate of nonviolent protest against unjust laws. (p. 209) |  | 21 |
| 5851395516 | Brook Farm | An attempted communal experiment in Massachusetts to achieve a more natural union between intellectual and manual labor. (p. 207) |  | 22 |
| 5851395517 | George Ripley | This Protestant minister started a communal experiment at Brook Farm in Massachusetts to live out the transcendentalist ideals. (p. 207) |  | 23 |
| 5851395519 | Margaret Fuller | A feminist, writer, and editor in the women's movement. (p. 210) |  | 24 |
| 5851395524 | Frederick Church | Central figure in the Hudson River School and pupil of Thomas Cole. He is known for his landscapes and for painting colossal views of exotic places. (p. 211) |  | 25 |
| 5851395525 | Hudson River school | In the 1830s, this genre of painting founded in the Hudson River area, portrayed everyday life of ordinary people in the natural world. (p. 211) |  | 26 |
| 5851395526 | Washington Irving | This author wrote fiction using American settings. (p. 211) |  | 27 |
| 5851395528 | Nathaniel Hawthorne | Author of "The Scarlet Letter", which questioned the intolerance and conformity in American life. (p. 211) |  | 28 |
| 5851395531 | Second Great Awakening | A religious movement that occurred during the antebellum period. It was a reaction against rationalism (belief in human reason). It offered the opportunity of salvation to all. (p. 207) |  | 29 |
| 5851395532 | Timothy Dwight | President of Yale College, he helped initiate the Second Great Awakening. His campus revivals inspired many young men to become evangelical preachers. (p. 207) |  | 30 |
| 5851395533 | revivalism; revival camp meetings | In the early 1800s, this movement was a reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment. Successful preachers were audience-centered and easily understood by the uneducated. (p. 207) |  | 31 |
| 5851395535 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints; Mormons | Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830. It was based on the Book of Mormon which traced a connection between the American Indians and the lost tribes of Israel. After Joseph Smith was murdered, Brigham Young led the religious group to establish the New Zion on the Great Salt Lake in Utah. (p. 208) |  | 32 |
| 5851395537 | Brigham Young | After Joseph Smith was killed, he led the Mormon followers to Utah. (p. 208) |  | 33 |
| 5851395540 | cult of domesticity | After industrialization occurred women became the moral leaders in the home and educators of children. Men were responsible for economic and political affairs. (p. 214) |  | 34 |
| 5851395541 | Sarah Grimke, Angelina Grimke | Two sisters, born in South Carolina, they objected to male opposition to their antislavery activities. (p. 214) |  | 35 |
| 5851395543 | Lucretia Mott | A women's rights reformer who was not allowed to speak at an antislavery convention. (p. 214) |  | 36 |
| 5851395544 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | A women's rights reformer who was not allowed to speak at an antislavery convention. (p. 214) |  | 37 |
| 5851395545 | Seneca Falls Convention | In 1848, this was the first women's rights convention in U.S. history. They wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments", modeled after the Declaration of Independence, which declared all men and women equal and listed grievances. (p. 214) |  | 38 |
| 5851395546 | Susan B. Anthony | Social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist. She helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association. (p. 214) |  | 39 |
