AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 22 World War I and its Aftermath, 1914-1920
Terms : Hide Images
| 8802372053 | Allied Powers | In World War I, Great Britain, France, and Russia were known by this name. (p. 455) |  | 0 |
| 8802372054 | Central Powers | In World War I, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire were known by this name. (p. 455) |  | 1 |
| 8802372055 | neutrality | A declaration of a country that it will not choose sides in a war. The Unites States was a neutral country at the beginning of World War I. (p. 455) |  | 2 |
| 8802372056 | submarine warfare | Germany's greatest hope against British sea power was this new type of warfare. (p. 455) |  | 3 |
| 8802372057 | Lusitania | On May 7, 1915 a British passenger ship was sunk by German torpedoes and 128 American passengers died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, and moved the country towards war. (p. 455). |  | 4 |
| 8802372059 | election of 1916 | Election between Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) and Charles Evans Hughes (Republican). Wilson won the election, his slogan was: "He kept us out of war". (p. 458) |  | 5 |
| 8802372062 | Zimmermann telegram | In March 1917, the U.S. newspapers carried the story that Britain had intercepted a telegram from the German government to the Mexican government offering German support if Mexico declared war against the U.S. (p. 459) |  | 6 |
| 8802372063 | Russian Revolution | The revolution against the autocratic tsarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a republic in March 1917. (p. 459) |  | 7 |
| 8802372064 | war industry boards | During World War I, they set production priorities and established centralized control over raw materials and prices. (P. 460) |  | 8 |
| 8802372065 | Food Administration | During World War I, this government agency was headed by Herbert Hoover and was established to increase the production of food for overseas shipment to the troops. (p. 460) |  | 9 |
| 8802372066 | Railroad Administration | During World War I, this agency took public control of the railroads to coordinate traffic and promote standard equipment. (p. 460) |  | 10 |
| 8802372068 | Selective Service Act | In 1917, this law provided for the registration of all American men between the ages of 21 and 30 for a military draft. Men were chosen by lottery. Eventually, 2.8 million were called by lottery, in addition to the nearly 2 million who volunteered. (p. 462) |  | 11 |
| 8802372069 | Committee on Public Information | A propaganda organization that created numerous posters, short films, and pamphlets explaining the war to Americans and encouraging them to purchase war bonds to gain support for World War I. (p. 461) |  | 12 |
| 8802372070 | anti-German hysteria | During World War I, Germans were labeled as the cause of the war and targeted with negative ads and comments. (p. 461) |  | 13 |
| 8802372071 | Espionage Act | In 1917, this law imposed sentences of up to twenty years on anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment of soldiers, or encouraging disloyalty. (p. 461) |  | 14 |
| 8802372072 | Sedition Act | In 1918, this law made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, guaranteed by the First Amendment. About 1000 people were jailed because of the law, one of them was Eugene Debs. (p. 461) |  | 15 |
| 8802372074 | Schenck v. United States | A 1919 Supreme Court case, in which the constitutionality of the Espionage Act was upheld in the case of a man who was imprisoned for distributing pamphlets against the draft. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes said the right to free speech could be limited when it represented a "clear and present danger" to public safety. (p. 461) |  | 16 |
| 8802372075 | Great Migration | During World War I, many African Americans began to move to the North for new job opportunities. (p. 462) |  | 17 |
| 8802372076 | American Expeditionary Force | In the summer of 1918, hundreds of thousands of American troops went to France as members of this force under General John J. Pershing. (p. 463) |  | 18 |
| 8802372077 | John J. Pershing | U.S. general who led the American Expeditionary Force into France in World War I. (p. 463) |  | 19 |
| 8802372078 | Western front | In World War I, the region of Northern France where the forces of the Allied Powers and the Central Powers battled each other. (p. 463) |  | 20 |
| 8802372079 | November 11, 1918 | On this date, Germany signed a World War I armistice in which they agreed to surrender their arms, give up much of their navy, and evacuate occupied territory. (p. 463) |  | 21 |
| 8802372081 | Fourteen Points | After the end of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace. It called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms, and a general association of nations. (p. 464) |  | 22 |
| 8802372083 | Treaty of Versailles | The World War I peace conference which included the victorious Allied Powers (United States, Great Britain, and France). The defeated Germany agreed to the following terms: 1) Germany had to disarm. 2) Germany had to pay war reparations. 3) Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing the war. 4) Germany could not manufacture any weapons. 5) Germany had to accept French occupation of the Rhineland for 15 years. 6) Territories taken from Germany: Austria-Hungary, and Russia were given their independence (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia) 7) Signers joined the League of Nations which includes Article X; that each member nation would stand ready to protect the independence and territorial integrity of the other nations. (p. 465) |  | 23 |
| 8802372084 | self determination | In World War I, territories one controlled by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia were taken by the Allies. Applying the principle of self-determination, independence was granted to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Poland; and the new nations of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia were established. (p. 465) |  | 24 |
| 8802372085 | League of Nations | International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation. However, it was greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. (p. 466) |  | 25 |
| 8802372086 | Article X | The Treaty of Versailles required signers join the League of Nations. The League of Nations charter, Article X, called on each member nation to be ready to protect the independence and territorial integrity of the other nations. (p. 465) |  | 26 |
| 8802372088 | Henry Cabot Lodge | In 1919, after World War I, he led a group of senators known as the "reservationists", who would accept the U.S. joining the League of Nations if certain reservations were added to the agreement. The United States never ratified the Treaty of Versailles nor joined the League of Nations. (p. 466) |  | 27 |
| 8802372089 | Irreconcilables | In 1919, senators who voted against the Treaty of Versailles because it required the United States to join the League of Nations. (p. 466) |  | 28 |
| 8802372090 | Reservationists | In 1919, senators who pledged to vote in favor of the Treaty of Versailles if certain changes were made. They were led by Henry Cabot Lodge. (p. 466) |  | 29 |
| 8802372091 | recession | A short depression. In 1921, the U.S. plunged into a short depression and 10 percent of the workforce was unemployed. (p. 467) |  | 30 |
| 8802372093 | First Red Scare | After World War I, anti-communist hysteria caused this phenomenon. (p. 467) |  | 31 |
| 8802372094 | Palmer raids | Prompted by a series of unexplained bombings, in 1920, this operation was coordinated by Attorney General Mitchell Palmer. Federal marshals raided the homes of suspected radicals and the headquarters of radical organizations in many cities. (p. 467) |  | 32 |
| 8802372095 | xenophobia | Intense or irrational dislike of foreign peoples. (p. 467) |  | 33 |
| 8802372096 | race riots | The migration of African Americans to the north led to rioting in East St. Louis and Chicago, where 40 people were killed. (p. 467) |  | 34 |
