AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 22 World War I and its Aftermath, 1914-1920
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| 9061442692 | Allied Powers | In World War I, Great Britain, France, and Russia were known by this name. (p. 455) |  | 0 |
| 9061442693 | Central Powers | In World War I, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire were known by this name. (p. 455) |  | 1 |
| 9061442695 | submarine warfare | Germany's greatest hope against British sea power was this new type of warfare. (p. 455) |  | 2 |
| 9061442696 | Lusitania | On May 7, 1915 a British passenger ship was sunk by German torpedoes and 128 American passengers died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, and moved the country towards war. (p. 455). |  | 3 |
| 9061442697 | Sussex Pledge | In March 1916 an unarmed merchant ship, the Sussex, was sunk by the Germans. Germany made a pledge that they would not sink anymore merchant ships without warning. This kept the U.S. out of the war for a little while longer. (p. 456) |  | 4 |
| 9061442698 | propaganda | Britain controlled the daily war news that was cabled to the United States. They supplied the American press with many stories of German soldier committing atrocities. (p. 457) |  | 5 |
| 9061442701 | election of 1916 | Election between Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) and Charles Evans Hughes (Republican). Wilson won the election, his slogan was: "He kept us out of war". (p. 458) |  | 6 |
| 9061442705 | Zimmermann telegram | In March 1917 the U.S. newspapers carried the story that Britain had intercepted a telegram from the German government to the Mexican government offering German support if Mexico declared war against the U.S. (p. 459) |  | 7 |
| 9061442706 | Russian Revolution | The revolution against the autocratic tsarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a republic in March 1917. (p. 459) |  | 8 |
| 9061442708 | war industry boards | Factories that produced Guns, Bullets, Artillery. | 9 | |
| 9061442709 | Food Administration | This government agency was headed by Herbert Hoover and was established to increase the production of food for overseas shipment to the troops. (p. 460) |  | 10 |
| 9061442711 | National War Labor Board | Former president William Howard Taft lead this organization which arbitrated disputes between workers and employers. (p. 461) |  | 11 |
| 9061442713 | Selective Service Act | In 1917 this law provided for the registration of all American men between the ages of 21 and 30 for a military draft. Men were chosen by lottery. Eventually, 2.8 million were called by lottery, in addition to the nearly 2 million who volunteered. (p. 462) |  | 12 |
| 9061442715 | Committee on Public Information | A propaganda organization that created numerous posters, short films, and pamphlets explaining the war to Americans and encouraging them to purchase war bonds to gain support for World War I. (p. 461) |  | 13 |
| 9061442716 | George Creel | Head of the Committee on Public Information. He persuaded the nation's artists and advertising agencies to create thousands of paintings, posters, cartoons, and sculptures promoting the war. (p. 461) |  | 14 |
| 9061442718 | Espionage Act | In 1917 this law imposed sentences of up to twenty years on anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment of soldiers, or encouraging disloyalty. (p. 461) | 15 | |
| 9061442719 | Sedition Act | In 1918 this law made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, guaranteed by the First Amendment. About 1000 people were jailed because of the law, one of them was Eugene Debs. (p. 461) | 16 | |
| 9061442720 | Eugene Debs | 1855-1926. American union leader, one of the founders of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World, and five-time Socialist Party of America Presidential Candidate. |  | 17 |
| 9061442721 | Schenck v. United States | A 1919 Supreme Court case in which the constitutionality of the Espionage Act was upheld in a case of a man who was imprisoned for distributing pamphlets against the draft. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes said the right to free speech could be limited when it represented a "clear and present danger" to public safety. (p. 461) |  | 18 |
| 9061442724 | migration of blacks and Hispanics | During World War I many Mexicans crossed the border to take jobs in agriculture and mining. African Americans moved to the North for new job opportunities. (p. 462) | 19 | |
| 9061442725 | Bolsheviks withdraw | A second revolution in Russia by Bolsheviks (Communists) took it out of World War I. (p. 463) |  | 20 |
| 9061442726 | American Expeditionary Force | IN the summer of 1918 hundreds of thousands of American troops went to France as members of this force under General John J. Pershing. (p. 463) |  | 21 |
| 9061442730 | peace without victory | In January 1917, before the U.S. had entered the war, Woodrow Wilson said the the United States would insist on this term. (p. 464) | 22 | |
| 9061442731 | Fourteen Points | After the end of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace. It called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms, and a general association of nations. (p. 464) |  | 23 |
| 9061442733 | Big Four | The term for the the four most important leaders (on the Allied side) during Word War I and at the Paris Peace Conference. They were Woodrow Wilson - United States, David Lloyd George - Great Britain, George Clemenceau - France, and Vittorio Orlando - Italy. (p. 465) |  | 24 |
| 9061442734 | Treaty of Versailles | The World War I peace conference which included the victorious Allied Powers (United States, Great Britain, and France). The defeated Germany agreed to the following terms: 1) Germany had to disarm. 2) Germany had to pay war reparations. 3) Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing the war. 4) Germany could not manufacture any weapons. 5) Germany had to accept French occupation of the Rhineland for 15 years. 6) Territories taken from Germany: Austria-Hungary, and Russia were given their independence (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia) 7) Signers joined the League of Nations which includes Article X; that each member nation would stand ready to protect the independence and territorial integrity of the other nations. (p. 465) |  | 25 |
| 9061442735 | League of Nations | International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. (p. 466) |  | 26 |
| 9061442736 | Article X | This part of the Versailles Treaty morally bound the U. S. to aid any member of the League of Nations that experienced any external aggression. | 27 | |
| 9061442738 | Henry Cabot Lodge | Led a group of senators during Woodrow Wilson's presidency known as the "reservationists" during the 1919 debate over the League of Nations. (p. 466) |  | 28 |
| 9061442739 | Irreconcilables | Senators who voted against the Treaty of Versailles because it required the United States to join the League of Nations. (p. 466) |  | 29 |
| 9061442740 | Reservationists | Senators who pledged to vote in favor of the Treaty of Versailles if certain changes were made. They were led by Henry Cabot Lodge. (p. 466) |  | 30 |
| 9061442745 | Red Scare | After World War I had ended anti-communist hysteria caused this phenomenon. (p. 467) |  | 31 |
| 9061442747 | Palmer raids | Prompted by a series of unexplained bombings, in 1920 this operation was coordinated by Attorney General Mitchell Palmer. Federal marshals raided the homes of suspected radicals and the headquarters of radical organizations in many cities. (p. 467) |  | 32 |
| 9061442748 | xenophobia | Intense or irrational dislike of foreign peoples. (p. 467) | 33 | |
| 9061442749 | strikes of 1919 | Major strike in Seattle where 60,000 unionists held a peaceful strike for higher pay. Boston police went on strike to protest firing of police officers who tried to unionize and Governor Calvin Coolidge sent in National Guard. U.S. Steel Corporation had a strike that was ended after federal troops were brought in there was violence. (p. 467) |  | 34 |
| 9061442750 | Boston police strike | Officers went on strike to protest the firing of a few officers because they tried to unionize. (p. 467) |  | 35 |
| 9061442751 | race riots | The migration of African Americans to the north led to rioting in East St. Louis and Chicago, where 40 people were killed. (p. 467) |  | 36 |
