AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 4 Imperial Wars and Colonial Protest, 1754-1774
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| 5445315070 | French and Indian War | War fought in the colonies from 1754 to 1763 between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio River Valley area. The English won the war and the Peace of Paris was negotiated in 1763. (p. 70) |  | 0 |
| 5445315071 | George Washington | Led a small militia from Virginia to stop work on French Fort Duquesne. Was forced to surrender on July 3rd, 1754. |  | 1 |
| 5445315072 | Edward Braddock | General who led an army from Virginia, but was defeated (1755) |  | 2 |
| 5445315073 | Albany Plan of Union | British government called for representatives from several colonies to meet in Albany, NY in 1754, to provide for an inter-colonial government to recruit troops and collect taxes. Set a precedent for other revolutionary meetings. Plan failed due to it never taking effect, and not having the power to enforce colonial citizens to pay taxes. (p. 70) |  | 3 |
| 5445315074 | Peace of Paris (1763) | Peace treaty signed to end the French and Indian War (The Seven Years' War) in 1763. Great Britain gained French Canada and Spanish Florida. France gave Spain its western territory. (p. 71) |  | 4 |
| 5445315075 | salutary neglect | Britain had exercised little direct control over the colonies and did not enforce its navigation laws This changed after the French and Indian War. |  | 5 |
| 5445315076 | George III; crown | King of England and member of the Whig party |  | 6 |
| 5445315077 | Whigs | Dominant political party in Parliament who wanted to solve England's financial problems through the colonies |  | 7 |
| 5445315078 | Parliment | Legislative house of Great Britain |  | 8 |
| 5445315079 | Pontiac's Rebellion | Indian chief Pontiac led a major attack against the colonies in 1763. The British did not rely on colonial forces, but instead sent their army to deal with the rebellion. Pontiac rebelled due to the westward expansion of colonist, this lead to the creation of the Proclamation of 1763. (p. 72) |  | 9 |
| 5445315080 | Proclamation Act of 1763 | Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. British hoped it would prevent violence between Native Americans and colonists. The colonists were angry and disobeyed the law, moving to the west of the mountains in large numbers. (p. 72) | | 10 |
| 5445315081 | Sugar Act | Placed taxes on goods such as foreign sugar and other luxuries. Created to help raise money for the English Crown and pay a debt (1764). |  | 11 |
| 5445315082 | Quartering ACT | Required the colonists to provide food and living quarters for British soldiers. (1765) | 12 | |
| 5445315083 | Stamp Act | Required that revenue stamps be placed on almost all printed paper. First direct tax paid by the people. Boycotts were effective in repealing this Act (1765). |  | 13 |
| 5445315084 | Patrick Henry | Young Virginian lawyer who coined the phrase "No taxation without representation" in his speech to the House of Burgesses. |  | 14 |
| 5445315085 | Stamp Act Congress | Representatives from nine colonies met in New York in 1765 and decided that only their own elected representatives had the power to approve taxes. (p. 73) |  | 15 |
| 5445315086 | Sons and Daughters of Liberty | Secret society who intimidated tax agents; tarred and feathered some tax collectors |  | 16 |
| 5445315087 | Declaratory Act | In 1766 Parliament declared that it had the right to tax and make laws for the colonies in all cases whatsoever. (p. 73) |  | 17 |
| 5445315088 | Townshend Acts (1767) | In 1767 Parliament enacted new taxes to be collected on imports of tea, glass, and paper. Also created the writs of assistance which was a general license to search for smuggled goods anywhere. |  | 18 |
| 5445315089 | John Dickinson: Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania | Work of literature in which Dickinson argued that no taxation without representation was an important principle of English law. (p. 74) | 19 | |
| 5445315090 | Samuel Adams and James Otis | In 1768, they wrote the Massachusetts Circular Letter which urged colonies to petition Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts. (p. 74) |  | 20 |
| 5445315091 | Lord Frederick North | New prime minister of Britain who convinced Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts in 1770. (p. 74) |  | 21 |
| 5445315092 | Boston Massacre | In March 1777 on a snowy day in Boston British guards, harassed by colonists, fire into a crowd. Five people were killed. |  | 22 |
| 5445315093 | Committees of Correspondence | Initiated by Samuel Adams in 1772, these letters spread news of suspicious or threatening acts by the British throughout the colonies. (p. 74) |  | 23 |
| 5445315094 | Gaspee incident | British customs ship, which had caught many smugglers, ran aground, The colonists dressed as Indians drove everyone off the boat, then burned it. |  | 24 |
| 5445315095 | Tea Act | Parliament passed this act in 1773 which continued the tax on tea and lowered the price of British tea so it was even cheaper than smuggled Dutch tea. (p. 75) |  | 25 |
| 5445315096 | Boston Tea Party | In December 1773, colonists dressed as Indians threw 342 chests of imported tea into the harbor. |  | 26 |
| 5445315097 | Intolerable Acts | Colonist name for the Coercive Acts of 1774, a series of acts made to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party. |  | 27 |
| 5445315098 | Port Act | One of the Coercive ACTS, which closed the port of Boston, prohibiting trade in and out ot the harbor until the destroyed tea was paid for. |  | 28 |
| 5445315099 | Massachusetts Government Act | One of the Coercive ACTS, which reduced the power of the Massachusetts legislature while increasing the power of the royal governor. |  | 29 |
| 5445315100 | Administration of Justice Act | One of the Coercive ACTS, which allowed royal officials accused of crimes to be tried in England instead of the colonies. |  | 30 |
| 5445315101 | Quartering Act Expansion | One of the Coercive ACTS, this expanded the previous Quartering ACT, which forced colonists to provide food and living quarters for British soldiers. | 31 | |
| 5445315102 | Quebec Act | In 1774 this act established Roman Catholicism as the official religion of Quebec, set up a government for Quebec and set the border at the Ohio River. |  | 32 |
| 5445315103 | Enlightenment | A European movement in literature and philosophy; used human reasoning to solve problems. (p. 76) |  | 33 |
| 5445315104 | Deism | Believe that God established natural laws in creating the universe, but that the role of divine intervention in human affairs was minimal. (p. 77) |  | 34 |
| 5445315105 | Rationalism | Trusted human reason to solve the many problems of life and society; emphasized reason, science, and respect for humanity. (p. 77) | 35 | |
| 5445315106 | John Locke | English philosopher who said that all people have rights, simply because they are human and that people have a right and a responsibility to revolt against any government that failed to protect their rights. (p. 77) |  | 36 |
| 5445315107 | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | French philosopher who had a profound influence on educated Americans in the 1760s and 1770s. (p. 77) |  | 37 |
