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| 547054990 | louisiana purchase | napoleon lost interest in the land because 1) he needed to concentrate french fighting england and 2) a rebellion led by toussain l'ouverture against french rule on the island of santo domingo had resulted in heavy french losses. jefferon bought the land | |
| 547054992 | touissant l'ouverture | led a rebellion against french rule on the island of santa domingo; resulted in heavy french losses | |
| 547054994 | lewis and clark expedition | jefferson persuaded congress to fund a scientific exploration of the trans-mississippii west; benefits=increased geographic and scientific knowledge of previously unexplored country, strenthened u.s. claims to the oregon territory, improved relations with native american tribes, and developed maps and land routes for fur trappers and future settlers | |
| 547054997 | marbury v madison 1803 | one of adams' "midnight appointments," william marbury, sued for his commission because president jefferson ordered secretary of state james madison not to deliver the commissions; marshall ruled that marbury had a right to his commission but the judiciary act of 1789 was itself unconstitutional so marbury could not be given his commission | |
| 547055000 | barbary pirates | to protect u.s. merchant ships from being seized by this group, washingotn and adams had reluctantly agreed to pay tribute to their governments. but when jefferson took office, the leader, the pasha of tripoli, deamanded a higher sume in tribute. jefferson decided to send a small fleet of u.s. naval vesels to the mediterranean. | |
| 547055001 | neutrality | since its navy dominated the atlantic, britain was the chief offender of this; their practice of capturing u.s. sailors and impressing (forcing) them to serve in the british navy was the most infuriating | |
| 547055002 | impressment | the practice of capturing u.s.sailors and forcing them to serve in the british navy | |
| 547055003 | chesapeake-leopard affair 1807 | the british warship leopard fired on the u.s. warship chesapeake; 3 americans were killed and 4 others were taken captive and impressed into the british navy. many americans demanded war but jefferson resorted to diplomacy and economic pressure as his response to the crisis | |
| 547055004 | embargo act 1807 | prohibited american merchant ships from sailing to any foreign port; but it backfired and the effect on the u.s. economy was devestating especially for the merchant marine and shipbuilders of new england. this was repealed in 1809 | |
| 547055005 | james madison | his presidency was dominated by the same european problems that had plagued jefferson's second term. he attempted a combination of diplomacy and economic presure to deal with the napoleonic wars. he finally consented to take the u.s. to war | |
| 547055006 | nonintercourse act of 1809 | provided that americans would now trade with all nations except britain and france | |
| 547055007 | macon's bill no. 2 1810 | provided that if either britain or france formally agreed to respect u.s. neutral rights at sea, then the united states would prohibit trade with that nation's foe | |
| 549090949 | tecumseh and prophet | attempted to united all of the tribes east of the mississippi river in an effort to defend their lands from further encroachment | |
| 549090950 | william henry harrison | governor of the indiana territory who took aggressive action the shawnee indians after being persuaded by the white settlers | |
| 549090951 | battle of teppecanoe 1811 | general harrison destroyed the shawnee headquarters and put an end to tecumseh's efforts to form an indian confederacy. the british provided only limited aid to tecumseh but americans on the frontier blamed the british for instigating the rebellion | |
| 549090952 | war hawks | argued that war with britain would be the only way to defend american honor, gain canada, and destroy native american resistance on the frontier; led by henry clay of KT and john c. calhous of SC | |
| 549090953 | henry clay and john c. calhoun | from KT and SC; led the war-hawk congressmen | |
| 549090954 | war of 1812 | the presures leading to this came from 2 directions; the continued violation of u.s. neutral rights at sea and troubles with the british on the western frontier. british delays in meeting u.s. demands over neutral rights combined with political pressures from the war-hawk congress finally persuaded madison to seek a declaration of war against britain | |
| 549090956 | battle of lake erie 1813 | the most important naval battle of the war of 1812; led by captain oliver hazard perry; prepared the way for multiple other victories | |
| 549090957 | battle of the thames river | general harrison's military victory resulted in the death of tecumseh (near detroit) | |
| 549090958 | thomas macdonough | defeated a british fleet on lake champlain; the british were forced to retreat and abandon their plan to invade new york and new england | |
| 549090959 | battle of lake champlain | british were defeated by macdonough's troops and forced to retreat and abandon their plan to invade new york and new england | |
| 549090961 | andrew jackson | commanded the u.s. troops in the south | |
| 549090962 | battle of horseshoe bend 1814 | jackson ended the power of an important british ally, the creek nation; also opened new lands to white settlers (alabama) | |
| 549090963 | creek nation | an important british ally | |
| 549090964 | battle of new orleans 1815 | jackson, leading a force of frontiersmen, free blacks, and creoles, halted the british effort to control the mississippi river | |
| 549090965 | treaty of ghent 1814 | 1) a halt to the fighting. 2) the return of all conquered territory to the prewar claimant. 3) recognition of the prewar boundary between canada and the united states | |
| 549090966 | hartford convention 1814 | delegates from the new england states rejected the radical calls for secession (bitterly opposed to the war and the republican government in washington). but to limit the growing power of the republicans in the south and west, they adopted a number of propsals. one of them called for a two-thirds vote of both houses for any future declaration of war |
