AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 9 Sectionalism, 1820-1860
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| 5295515554 | Northeast | New England and the Middle Atlantic states. (p. 173) |  | 0 |
| 5295515555 | Old Northwest | Territory which stretched from Ohio to Minnesota. | 1 | |
| 5295515556 | sectionalism | Loyalty to a particular region. (p. 173) | 2 | |
| 5295515557 | Nativists | Native-born Americans who reacted strongly against the immigrants, they feared the newcomers would take their jobs and weaken the culture of the Protestant and Anglo majority. (p. 176) |  | 3 |
| 5295515558 | American party | Anti Foreign party that nominated candidates in the early 1850s. (p. 176) | 4 | |
| 5295515559 | Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner | A secret anti-foreign in the 1840s. (p. 176) | 5 | |
| 5295515560 | Know-Nothing Party | Nativists, also known as the American party. (p. 176) | 6 | |
| 5295515561 | Free African Americans | By 1860 as many as 250,000 African Americans in the south were free. They were not allowed to vote or work in most skilled professions. (p. 179) |  | 7 |
| 5295515562 | planters | The South's small wealthy elite that owned more than 100 slaves and more than 1000 acres. (p. 18) | 8 | |
| 5295515563 | Code of Chivalry | Southern planter class does included strong sense fo personal honor, defense of womanhood, paternalistic attitudes. (p. 180) | 9 | |
| 5295515564 | poor whites | Three-fourths of the South's white population owned no slaves. | 10 | |
| 5295515565 | hillbillies | Derisive term for poor white subsistence farmers in the South. (p. 180) | 11 | |
| 5295515566 | mountain men | In the 1820 the first whites in the Rocky Mountains. They trapped for furs. (p. 181) |  | 12 |
| 5295515567 | the West | The term that referred to the new area that was being settled, the location changed as the whites settled more regions. | 13 | |
| 5295515568 | the frontier | The area in the West that moved further over time. (p. 181) |  | 14 |
| 5295515569 | Deep South | The cotton rich area of the lower Mississippi Valley. (p. 178) | 15 | |
| 5295515570 | American Indian removal | Native Americans were cajoled, pushed, or driven westward as white settlers encroached on their original homelands |  | 16 |
| 5295515571 | Great Plains | Provided only temporary respite for the native americans from conflict with the white settlers |  | 17 |
| 5295515572 | white settlers | In the 1840s and 1850s they settled the western frontier. They worked hard, lived in log cabins or sod huts. Disease and malnutrition were even greater dangers than attacks by American Indians. (p. 182) |  | 18 |
| 5295515573 | urbanization | 19 | ||
| 5295515574 | urban life | From 1800 to 1850 the urban population in the North increased rapidly. This caused crowded housing, poor sanitation, infectious diseases, and high rates of crime. (p. 174) | 20 | |
| 5295515575 | new cities | After 1820 Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Cincinnati, and St. Louis developed as transfer points for agriculture and manufactured products. (p. 175) |  | 21 |
| 5295515576 | Irish potato famine | Immigrants driven from their home; faced strong discrimination because of their Roman Catholic religion; worked hard at whatever employment they could find; congregated for mutual support in the northern cities |  | 22 |
| 5295515577 | Roman Catholic | The Irish were primarily this religion. |  | 23 |
| 5295515578 | Tammany Hall | New York City's Democratic organization. |  | 24 |
| 5295515579 | Germans | One million of them came to the United States in the 1840s and 1850s. (p. 176) |  | 25 |
| 5295515580 | immigration | From the 1830s to the 1850s four million people came from northern Europe to the United States. (p. 175) |  | 26 |
| 5295515581 | King Cotton | In the 1850s cotton provided two-thirds of all U.S. exports and tied the South's economy to Great Britain. |  | 27 |
| 5295515582 | Eli Whitney | The United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825). |  | 28 |
| 5295515583 | peculiar institution | A term that referred to slavery because southern whites were uneasiness with the fact that slaves were human beings and the need to continually to defend slavery. They used historical and religious arguments to support their claim that it was good for both slave and master. |  | 29 |
| 5295515584 | Denmark Vesey | In 1822 he led a major slave uprising. It was quickly and violently suppressed; gave hope to enslaved african americans, drove Southern states to tighten already strict slave codes, and demonstrated to many, especially in the North, the evils of slavery. (p. 179) |  | 30 |
| 5295515585 | Nat Turner | In 1831 he led a major slave uprising. (p. 179) |  | 31 |
| 5295515586 | slave codes | 32 | ||
| 5295515587 | Industrial Revolution | Originally centered in the textile industry but by the 1830's northern factories were producing a wide range of goods-everything from farm implements to clocks and shoes |  | 33 |
| 5295515588 | unions | 34 | ||
| 5295515589 | Commonwealth v. Hunt | The Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled in 1842 that peaceful unions had the right to negotiate labor contracts with employers. (p. 174) |  | 35 |
| 5295515590 | ten-hour workday | 36 | ||
| 5295515591 | Cyrus McCormick | United States inventor and manufacturer of a mechanical reaper. (p. 175) |  | 37 |
| 5295515592 | John Deere | He was responsible for inventing the steel plow. This new plow was much stronger than the old iron version; therefore, it made plowing farmland in the west easier, making expansion faster. (p. 175) |  | 38 |
| 5295515593 | Daniel Webster | A senator who warned that sectionalism was dangerous for the U.S. (p. 173) |  | 39 |
| 5295515594 | environmental damage | This term described settlers cleared forests and exhausted the soil. (p. 182) |  | 40 |
| 5295515595 | extinction | This term described what trappers and hunters did to the beaver and buffalo populations. (p. 182) |  | 41 |
