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| 363117765 | Modern Republicanism | President Eisenhower's views. Claiming he was liberal toward people but conservative about spending money, he helped balance the federal budget and lower taxes without destroying existing social programs. | 0 | |
| 363117766 | Highway Act (1956) | Authorized the construction of 42,000 miles of interstate highways linking all the nation's major cities | 1 | |
| 363117767 | Dulles' "brinkmanship" | If the U.S. pushed Communist powers to the brink of war, they would back down because of American nuclear superiority | 2 | |
| 363117768 | Massive Retaliation | Dulles advocated placing greater reliance on nuclear weapons and air power, and spending less on conventional forces of the army and navy | 3 | |
| 363117769 | Domino Theory | the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control | 4 | |
| 363117770 | Suez Canal Crisis | Nasser took over the Suez Canal to show separation of Egypt from the West, but Israel, the British, Iraq, and France were all against Nasser's action. The U.S. stepped in before too much serious fighting began. | 5 | |
| 363117771 | CIA Involvement in Iran and Guatemala | In 1953, the CIA helped overthrow the government in Iran that had tried to nationalize the holding of foreign oil companies In 1954, the CIA overthrew a leftist government that threatened American business interests | 6 | |
| 363117772 | Eisenhower Doctrine | The policy of the U.S. that it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country | 7 | |
| 363117773 | Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) | A regional defense pact pulled together by Dulles to prevent the "fall" to communism of South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia | 8 | |
| 363117774 | Sputnik | The world's first space satellite. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the US. | 9 | |
| 363117775 | U-2 Incident | The incident when an American U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. The U.S. denied the true purpose of the plane at first, but was forced to when the U.S.S.R. produced the living pilot and the largely intact plane to validate their claim of being spied on aerially. The incident worsened East-West relations during the Cold War and was a great embarrassment for the United States. | 10 | |
| 363117776 | Military-industrial Complex | Eisenhower first coined this phrase when he warned American against it in his last State of the Union Address. He feared that the combined lobbying efforts of the armed services and industries that contracted with the military would lead to excessive Congressional spending. | 11 | |
| 363117777 | Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka | A team of NAACP lawyers led by Thurgood Marshall argues that segregation of black children in the public schools was unconstitutional because it violated the 14th amendment's guarantee of "equal protection of the laws." | 12 | |
| 363117778 | Rosa Parks | United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama) and so triggered the national civil rights movement (born in 1913) | 13 | |
| 363117779 | Montgomery Bus Boycott | In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city buses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal. | 14 | |
| 363117780 | Martin Luther King Jr. | U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader. A noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Nobel Peace Prize (1964) | 15 | |
| 363117781 | Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) | An organization founded by MLK Jr., to direct the crusade against segregation. Its weapon was passive resistance that stressed nonviolence and love, and its tactic direct, though peaceful, confrontation. | 16 | |
| 363117782 | Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) | Organized in the fall of 1960 by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. as a student civil rights movement inspired by sit-ins, it challenged the status quo and walked the back roads of Mississippi and Georgia to encourage Blacks to resist segregation and to register to vote. | 17 | |
| 363117783 | Sit-in Movement | Led by NAACP Youth Council, 1960 launched a wave of anti-segregation sit-ins across the South and opened a national awareness of the depth of segregation in the nation | 18 | |
| 363117784 | Beatniks | Made up by a group of rebellious writers and intellectuals in the 1950s. Led by Jack Kerouac, they advocated spontaneity, use of drugs, and rebellion against social reforms. | 19 |
