Terms : Hide Images
| 7721907096 | L1 or L2 vertebrae | how far down does the spinal cord go | 0 | |
| 7721932988 | conus medullaris | cone shaped structure where spinal cord terminates | 1 | |
| 7721936603 | filum terminale | fibrous extension of conus covered with pia mater, extends to coccyx, anchors the spinal cord | 2 | |
| 7721951630 | enlargements | areas where nerves servicing upper and lower limbs arise from the spinal cord | 3 | |
| 7721958713 | denticulate ligaments | extensions of pia mater that secure cord to dura mater | 4 | |
| 7721967734 | enclosed in the vertebral column, begins at foramen magnum, ends at L1 or L2 vertebra | gross anatomy of spinal cord | 5 | |
| 7721976041 | provides two way communicationto and from brain and body, major reflex center | functions of spinal cord | 6 | |
| 7721978070 | epidural space | cushion of fat and network of veins in space between vertebrae and spinal dura mater | 7 | |
| 7721993659 | spinal nerves | part of the PNS, attach to spinal cord at 31 paired roots | 8 | |
| 7722014388 | cervical and lumbar | the two types of enlargements | 9 | |
| 7722033745 | 31 total | how many pairs of spinal nerves are there | 10 | |
| 7722037058 | 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal | amount / types of spinal nerves | 11 | |
| 7722051848 | cauda equina | collection of nerve roots at inferior end of vertebral canal | 12 | |
| 7722088017 | cervical, thoracic. lumbrosacral, cauda equina | the levels of the spinal cord | 13 | |
| 7722107502 | basic cord anatomy | very center is the central canal, filled with cerebrospinal fluid. this is surrounded by H shaped grey matter, which has a dorsal ventral and lateral horn on each side. this is surrounded by white matter, which consists of dorsal ventral and lateral funiculus (the white columns). surrounded by pia, arachnoid and spinal dura mater. attached are nerves | 14 | |
| 7722144625 | dorsal horns, ventral horns, lateral horns | three areas of gray matter | 15 | |
| 7722146734 | dorsal horns | interneurons that receive somatic and visceral sensory input | 16 | |
| 7722151796 | ventral horns | some interneurons, somatic motor neurons | 17 | |
| 7722154884 | lateral horns | (only in thoracic and superior lumbar regions), sympathetic neurons | 18 | |
| 7722162184 | gray commissure | bridge of gray matter that connects masses of gray matter on either side (encloses central canal) | 19 | |
| 7722168126 | ventral roots | bundle of motor neuron axons that exit the spinal cord | 20 | |
| 7722172263 | dorsal roots | sensory input to cord | 21 | |
| 7722177116 | dorsal root ganglia | cell bodies of sensory neurons | 22 | |
| 7722179892 | spinal nerves | formed by fusion of dorsal and ventral roots | 23 | |
| 7722191948 | somatic sensory, visceral sensory, visceral motor, somatic motor | the four groups of gray matter | 24 | |
| 7722197712 | white matter | myelinated and nonmyelinated nerve fibers allow communication between parts of spinal cord and spinal cord and brain | 25 | |
| 7722206745 | ascending, descending and transverse | three directions white matter runs | 26 | |
| 7722215712 | ascending | white matter runs up to higher centers (sensory inputs) | 27 | |
| 7722218682 | descending | white matter runs down from brain to cord (motor outputs) | 28 | |
| 7722231181 | transverse | white matter that runs from side to side (commisural fibers) | 29 | |
| 7722274138 | first order neurons | conduct impulses from cutaneous receptors and proprioreceptors, branches diffusely as it enters spinal cord or medulla, synapses with second order neurons | 30 | |
| 7722282337 | second order neurons | interneuron, cell body in dorsal horn of spinal cord or medullary nuclei, axons extend to thalamus or cerebellum | 31 | |
| 7723106207 | third order neuron | interneuron, cell bodies in thalamus, axon extends to somatosensory cortex, none in cerebellum | 32 | |
| 7724262535 | dorsal column (medial lemniscal pathways), spinothalamic pathways | the two pathways that transmit somatosensory information to sensory cortex via thalamus | 33 | |
| 7724270922 | spinocerebellar tracts | the pathway that transmits somatosensory signals and terminates in the cerebellum | 34 | |
| 7724279266 | dorsal column | transmits input to somatosensory cortex for discriminative touch and vibrations | 35 | |
| 7724287535 | spinothalamic pathways | lateral and ventral tracts. transmit pain, temperature, coarse touch and pressure impulses within lateral tract | 36 | |
| 7724307211 | spinocerebellar tracts | ventral and dorsal tracts, convey info about muscle or tendon stretch to cerebellum, used to coordinate muscle activity | 37 | |
| 7724335093 | descending pathways | deliver impulses from brain to spinal cord | 38 | |
| 7724337479 | direct and indirect | the two groups of descending pathways | 39 | |
| 7724339476 | direct pathways | pyramidal tracts, descend directly without synapsing until axon reaches end of tract in spinal cord regulates fast and fine movements | 40 | |
| 7724342454 | indirect pathways | multineuronal pathways, complex and multisynaptic, includes brain stem motor nuclei and all motor pathways except pyramidal pathways regulate: axial muscles, balance and posture, coarse limb movements, head neck and eye movements | 41 | |
| 7724345756 | two neurons | motor pathways involve : | 42 | |
| 7724350590 | upper motor neurons | pyramidal cells in primary motor cortex | 43 | |
| 7724352943 | lower motor neurons | ventral horn motor neurons, innervate skeletal muscles | 44 | |
| 7724415349 | choroid plexus | cluster of capillaries that hangs from roof of each ventricle, enclosed by pia mater and surrounding layer of ependymal cells | 45 |
