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Ancient Stuff: Around 8000 B.C.E to Around 600 C.E - Important Terms Flashcards

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46986866Agriculturethe practice of cultivating the land or raising stock0
46986867Agrarianpertaining to land or its cultivation; Ex. agrarian reform1
46986868Bands / ClansBasic unit of social organization among foragers, includes fewer than 100 people. Nomadic, small, mobile, kin-based groups with little differential power. Neolocal residence. minimal division of labor and gender stratification. Shamanic religions. Primus entre pares. Example -: Eskimos, Tiwi, Washo, Kung.2
46986869Barbarianwithout civilizing influences3
46986870Bureaucracysystem of managing government through departments run by appointed officials4
46986871Civilizationa society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)5
46986872City-Statesdifferent sections of land owned by the same country but ruled by different rulers6
46986873Classicalrelating to ancient Greece and Rome7
46986874Domesticationthe taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food8
46986875Economyfrugality in the expenditure of money or resources9
46986876Egalitarianpromoting equal rights for all people10
46986877Emperorthe male ruler of an empire11
46986878Empirea group of countries under a single authority12
46986879Feudalisma political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service13
46986880Foragingthe act of searching for food and provisions14
46986881Hierarchythe organization of people at different ranks in an administrative body15
46986882HierarchicalA system that ranks people or things in levels of importance.16
46986883Hunter-GathererA human being who hunts animals and gathers plants for food, moving to a different location whenever such food becomes scarce.17
46986884Irrigationsupplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc18
46986885Monarchyan autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority19
46986886Monotheismbelief in a single God20
46986887Neolithiclatest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle east (but later elsewhere)21
46986888Nomadic(of groups of people) tending to travel and change settlements frequently22
46986889Pastoralrelating to shepherds or herdsmen or devoted to raising sheep or cattle23
46986890Paleolithicsecond part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC24
46986891Philosophya system of beliefs and values25
46986892Polytheismthe belief of many gods26
46986893River Valleyearly civilizations developed on the valley or banks of the rivers for transportation, regular water supply, and more27
46986894Sedentarycharacterized by or calling for continued sitting; remaining in one place28
46986895Settlementa community of people smaller than a town29
46986896Subsistenceexistence; means of subsisting; means of support; livelihood; V. subsist: exist; maintain life (at a meager level)30
46986897Surplusa quantity much larger than is needed31
46986898Sustenancethe act of sustaining life by food or providing a means of subsistence32
46986899Theocracythe belief in government by divine guidance33
46986900Traditionalhanded down from one generation from one generation (customs, ways of dress, etc.) always done customary; usual34
46986901Urbanizationthe social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban35
46986902Vassalslesser lords who pledged their service and loyalty to a greater lord -- in a military capacity36

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