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| 14263826359 | afferent division | brings info to the CNS from receptors in body tissues and organs | 0 | |
| 14263828641 | sensory receptors | detect changes in the environment or respond to specific stimuli | 1 | |
| 14263832202 | efferent division | carries information away from the CNS to effectors | 2 | |
| 14263835022 | somatic nervous system | controls skeletal muscle | 3 | |
| 14263836143 | autonomic nervous system | controls smooth and cardiac muscle, and glands | 4 | |
| 14263837554 | sympathetic division | fight or flight | 5 | |
| 14263840932 | parasympathetic division | rest and digest | 6 | |
| 14263847363 | types of neurons | multipolar, bipolar, unipolar |  | 7 |
| 14263895672 | astrocytes | most abundant, star-shaped, maintain blood-brain barrier |  | 8 |
| 14263997739 | oligodendrocytes | produce an insulating membranous wrapping around CNS axons (myelin) |  | 9 |
| 14264005260 | white matter | myelinated axons | 10 | |
| 14264005261 | gray matter | unmyelinated | 11 | |
| 14264006025 | microglia | smallest and least numerous, phagocytic cells derived from white blood cells |  | 12 |
| 14264008967 | ependymal cells | line cavities in the CNS filled with CSF |  | 13 |
| 14264012909 | satellite cells | surround and support neuron cell bodies |  | 14 |
| 14264015306 | Schwann cells | cover every axon in the PNS |  | 15 |
| 14264039886 | The only cranial nerve that is attached to the cerebrum is the a) vestibulocochlear. b) trochlear. c) optic. d) oculomotor. e) olfactory. | e) olfactory | 16 | |
| 14264080199 | optic nerve innervates | retina | 17 | |
| 14264083061 | abducens nerve innervates | lateral rectus muscle of eye | 18 | |
| 14264084475 | facial nerve innervates | taste receptors, lacrimal gland, sublingual glands | 19 | |
| 14264087272 | accessory nerve innervates | palate, pharynx, larynx, sternocleiomastoid, trapezius | 20 | |
| 14264093352 | trigeminal nerve innervates | teeth, muscles of mastication, eyelids, lips, cheek | 21 | |
| 14264095063 | hypoglossal nerve innvervates | tongue muscles | 22 | |
| 14264095974 | vagus nerve innervates | thoracic and abdominal organs | 23 | |
| 14264097883 | vestibulocochlear nerve innervates | ear | 24 | |
| 14264098975 | oculomotor nerve innervates | 3 out of 4 muscles of the eye | 25 | |
| 14264099900 | trochlear nerve innervates | superior oblique muscle of eye | 26 | |
| 14264101347 | olfactory nerve innervates | sense of smell | 27 | |
| 14264102404 | glossopharyngeal nerve innervates | monitors bp, pH, O2, and CO2 concentrations | 28 | |
| 14264111082 | Monosynaptic reflexes a) do not control stereotyped responses of the nervous system. b) involve two or more sequential synapses. c) are among the most complex reflex arcs. d) usually control slow motor responses. e) are exemplified by the stretch reflex. | e) are exemplified by the stretch reflex | 29 | |
| 14264116427 | The spinal pathway(s) that carries/carry information regulating skeletal muscle tone is/are the a) spinocerebellar pathway. b) medial and lateral pathways. c) spinothalamic pathway. d) corticospinal pathway. e) posterior column. | b) medial and lateral pathways | 30 | |
| 14264120019 | Which of the following fibers usually release norepinephrine (NE)? a)sympathetic preganglionic b)somatic c)parasympathetic preganglionic d)sympathetic postganglionic e)parasympathetic postganglionic | d) sympathetic postganglionic | 31 | |
| 14264125035 | Identify the correct sequence of steps in the generation of an action potential. 1. Activation of sodium channels and rapid depolarization 2. Inactivation of sodium channels and activation of potassium channels 3. Depolarization to threshold 4. Closing of potassium channels a) 3, 1, 2, 4 b) 1, 3, 2, 4 c) 1, 3, 4, 2 d) 3, 1, 4, 2 e) 4, 3, 2, 1 | a) 3,1,2,4 | 32 | |
| 14264129701 | Which of the following neurotransmitters usually depolarizes postsynaptic neurons? a) monoamine oxidase b) acetylcholine c) GABA d) serotonin e) dopamine | b) acetylcholine | 33 | |
| 14264132471 | Which of the following is the correct order of events that occur at a cholinergic synapse? 1. Extracellular calcium enters the axon terminal, triggering the exocytosis of acetylcholine. 2. Acetylcholine is removed by acetylcholinesterase. 3. Acetylcholine binds to receptors and depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane. 4. Axon terminal depolarizes. a) 4, 1, 3, 2 b) 3, 4, 1, 2 c) 1, 4, 3, 2 d) 2, 3, 1, 4 e) 4, 1, 2, 3 | a) 4,1,3,2 | 34 | |
| 14268400978 | Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? | phrenic nerve | 35 | |
| 14268409112 | monosynaptic reflex | a sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron; ex: the stretch reflex | 36 | |
| 14268416750 | reflex arc | 1. receptor 2. sensory neuron 3. integration center 4. motor neuron 5. effector |  | 37 |
| 14268435388 | The area of sensory cortex devoted to a body region is relative to the | number of sensory receptors in the region of the body | 38 | |
| 14268456378 | Interneurons a) only connect motor neurons to other motor neurons. b) are found only in the central nervous system. c) carry only motor impulses. d) carry only sensory impulses. e) are found between neurons and their effectors. | b) are only found in the central nervous system | 39 | |
| 14268464916 | continuous propagation vs. saltatory propagation | continuous- occurs in unmyelinated fibers, relatively slow saltatory- occurs in myelinated axons; much faster | 40 | |
| 14268479365 | Opening of voltage-gated sodium channels in the membrane of a neuron results in | depolarization | 41 | |
| 14268483358 | A stimulus that opens gated potassium ion channels, moving the membrane voltage value below the resting potential value, results in which of the following? | hyperpolarization | 42 | |
| 14268488057 | Order of meninges from superficial to deep | dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater | 43 | |
| 14268495537 | You have been diagnosed with the demyelinating disease called multiple sclerosis. The areas of damage seem to be centered within the spinal cord. The demyelinated areas are most probably within the a) gray commissure. b) dorsal or ventral horns. c) central canal. d) ascending and/or descending tracts. e) dorsal root ganglia. | d) ascending and/or descending tracts | 44 | |
| 14268503212 | Diffusion across which structure(s) returns excess CSF to venous circulation? | arachnoid granulations | 45 | |
| 14268508013 | The ________ acts as a switching and relay center for integration of conscious and unconscious sensory information and motor commands. | diencephalon | 46 | |
| 14268513948 | As a result of a severe concussion from a car accident, you have a terrible problem with both retaining new information and recalling old information. The injury affected the | hippocampus | 47 | |
| 14268518870 | The part of the CNS that adjusts voluntary and involuntary motor activities on the basis of sensory information and stored memory of previous movements is the | cerebellum | 48 | |
| 14268524860 | Regions of the brain that are involved in interpreting data or coordinating motor responses are | association areas | 49 | |
| 14268527775 | The region of the brain that is involved in conscious thought and intellectual function as well as processing somatic sensory and motor information is the | cerebrum | 50 | |
| 14268532054 | Which of the following performs such abstract intellectual function as predicting the future consequences of events or actions? | prefrontal cortex | 51 | |
| 14268542418 | thalamus | a relay and processing center for sensory info | 52 | |
| 14268543652 | hypothalamus | involved with emotions, autonomic functions and hormone production | 53 | |
| 14268552866 | CSF is produced where? | choroid plexus | 54 | |
| 14268560569 | primary sensory cortex | receives info from touch, pressure, pain, and temp receptors | 55 | |
| 14268573889 | general interpretive area | integrates sensory info and visual and auditory memory | 56 | |
| 14268581137 | left hemisphere | language skills, analytical tasks, and logical decision making | 57 | |
| 14268584997 | right hemisphere | spatial analysis, analyzing sensory input and relating it to the body, and analyzing emotional context | 58 |
