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| 50397473 | Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions | Thomas Jefferson and James Madison created legislature supporting states rights and a "contract between states rather than a strong central gov't | 0 | |
| 50397474 | Bank War | Jackson destroyed bank and spread federal funds throughout the states | 1 | |
| 50397475 | 1st National Bank | Created by Alexander Hamilton in 1791 to stimulate Northern Businesses | 2 | |
| 50397476 | Monroe Doctrine | an American foreign policy opposing interference in the Western hemisphere from outside powers | 3 | |
| 50397477 | Abraham Lincoln | 16th President of the United States | 4 | |
| 50397478 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | Nebraska and Kansas would be slave or free based on popular sovereignty. Proposed by Stephen Douglass | 5 | |
| 50397479 | American System | Internal Improvements; Protective Tariff; and 2nd National Bank | 6 | |
| 50397480 | Corrupt Bargain | Henry Clay, the Speaker of the House of Reps. helped swing the Presidential vote of 1824 to John Q. Adams instead of Jackson in order to become Adams' Sec. of State | 7 | |
| 50397481 | Fort Sumter | U.S. Navy tried to re-supply Federal Fort in Charleston Harbor but SC fired upon the Fort beginning the Civil War | 8 | |
| 50397482 | Marbury vs. Madison | Supreme Court case in which Judicial Review was est. | 9 | |
| 50397483 | Judicial Review | Supreme Court has last say on issues of Constitutionality | 10 | |
| 50397484 | Midnight Judges | Federal Judges appointed by Adams on his last night in office in order to maintain Federal power in gov't | 11 | |
| 50397485 | Emancipation Proclamation | issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, it declared that all slaves in the rebellious Confederate states would be free | 12 | |
| 50397486 | Battle of Antietam | Military draw because of McClellan's failure to pursue Lee. Caused Lincoln to issue Emancipation Proclamation | 13 | |
| 50397487 | Mexican War | Led to Civil War; provoked by President Polk; caused tension w/ Mexico; gained land in SW U.S. | 14 | |
| 50397488 | William Henry Harrison | The 9th President (1st Whig) died in office of Pneumonia | 15 | |
| 50397489 | Tariff of Abominations 1828 | Tariff passed to help Northern businesses but was hated by southerners such as Calhoun. Led to the Nullification Crisis | 16 | |
| 50397490 | Nullification Crisis 1832 | South Carolina Legislature refuse to pay tariff and was forced to militarily | 17 | |
| 50397491 | Missouri Compromise 1820 | Missouri would become a slave state, and all new states admitted below the 36°30' line would be slave | 18 | |
| 50397492 | 2nd National Bank | created by Henry Clay to go along with his protective tariff and internal improvements | 19 | |
| 50397493 | Panic of 1837 | over speculation of land by "Wild Cat Banks" in Old Northwest during Jacksonian Era | 20 | |
| 50397494 | Hartford Convention | Federalists of North demanded financial aid for war debts | 21 | |
| 50397495 | Embargo Act 1807 | passed by congress forbid exports of all goods out of the U.S. in order to hurt Br. and Fr. economy | 22 | |
| 50397496 | Louisiana Purchase 1803 | Jefferson bought Louisiana Territory from Napoleon | 23 | |
| 50397497 | Judiciary Act 1789 | est. federal courts and the Supreme Court w/ 5 associate justices and 1 chief justice | 24 | |
| 50397498 | Jamestown, VA | founded in 1607 by the English | 25 | |
| 50397499 | Santa Fe | founded in 1610 by the Spanish | 26 | |
| 50397500 | Quebec | founded in 1608 by the French | 27 | |
| 50397501 | Sir Walter Raleigh | launched first attempt to colonize New World at Roanoke | 28 | |
| 50397502 | VA Company of London | joint stock company that founded Jamestown | 29 | |
| 50397503 | Captain John Smith | leader of Jamestown Colony | 30 | |
| 50397504 | Powhatan | leader of the Native Americans around Jamestown | 31 | |
| 50397505 | Anglo-Powhatan War | fight between Native Americans and colonists over land and food | 32 | |
| 50397506 | Lord De La Warr | imposed harsh military regime among Jamestown colonists | 33 | |
| 50397507 | Tobacco | staple crop of VA colony; exhausted land; | 34 | |
| 50397508 | 1619 | year when first Africans arrived in America | 35 | |
| 50397509 | Catholic | main religion of Maryland colony | 36 | |
| 50397510 | House of Burgesses | Government in VA colony | 37 | |
| 50397511 | Indentured servitude | white servants who are free labor for a certain # of years | 38 | |
| 50397512 | African Diaspora | the spread of Africans around the New world | 39 | |
| 50397513 | Carolina Colony | created in 167o; named after King Charles II | 40 | |
| 50397514 | Rice | staple crop of the Carolinas | 41 | |
| 50397515 | James Oglethorpe | founded the Georgia colony | 42 | |
| 50397516 | John Wesley | founded the Methodist Church | 43 | |
| 50397517 | primogenture | the statement that the oldest son received land from his father and younger sons seeked fortunes elsewhere | 44 | |
| 50397518 | Calvinism | dominant theology of New England Puritans | 45 | |
| 50397519 | Mayflower Compact | pact made by pilgrims stating agreement to self governing in the New World | 46 | |
| 50397520 | Massachusetts Bay Colony | Puritan settlement in New England | 47 | |
| 50397521 | William Bradford | Pilgrim governor for many years | 48 | |
| 50397522 | John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay colony for 19 years | 49 | |
| 50397523 | Great Migration | movement of Europeans to the New world in the 1600's | 50 | |
| 50397524 | Puritans | calvinists who wanted to purify the church of England | 51 | |
| 50397525 | town governments | close homes in New England led to this political system | 52 | |
| 50397526 | Quakers | Pennsylvania settlers; religious society of friends | 53 | |
| 50397527 | Anne Hutchinson | dissenter who fled to Rhode Island | 54 | |
| 50397528 | Roger Williams | exiled and founded Rhode Island | 55 | |
| 50397529 | New England Confederation | Both Massachusetts and both Connecticut colonies came together to help defend from the dutch and NA's | 56 | |
| 50397530 | Dominion of New England | created by London to help enforce Navigation laws | 57 | |
| 50397531 | Glorious Revolution | bloodless revolution in England which began the period of salutary neglect | 58 | |
| 50397532 | salutary neglect | very little British influence in the colonies | 59 | |
| 50397533 | New Amsterdam | New York City; founded by the Dutch | 60 | |
| 50397534 | Dutch Refomed Church | Religion created by the Dutch in NY | 61 | |
| 50397535 | William Penn | founder of Pennsylvania | 62 | |
| 50397536 | Head right system | Colonists would pay for european's trip across Atlantic in return for more land out west | 63 | |
| 50397537 | Bacon's Rebellion | frontiersman in VA rioted against Governor Berkley b/c of his lack of protection from Indians on the Frontier | 64 | |
| 50397538 | Royal African company | company with a granted charter to transport slaves to the colonies | 65 | |
| 50397539 | middle passage | name for the path of the Atlantic slave trade | 66 | |
| 50397540 | Stono Rebellion | African revolt in SC in 1739 | 67 | |
| 50397541 | Midwife | assistance with childbirth and other womanly duties | 68 | |
| 50397542 | Scarlet Letter | written by Nathaniel Hawthorne to describe the affects of adultery in NE | 69 | |
| 50397543 | proprietors | owners of colonies | 70 | |
| 50397544 | Harvard | 1st American college founded in 1636 | 71 | |
| 50397545 | William and Mary | 2nd college founded in 1693 | 72 | |
| 50397546 | Half way covenant | used to increase church membership but decreased the power of the "elect" | 73 | |
| 50397547 | Salem witch trail | people opposed to the puritan church were accused of witchcraft in order to be hung | 74 | |
| 50397548 | Yankee ingenuity | example is town meeting democracy | 75 | |
| 50397549 | Leisler's Rebellion | riot against lordly land holders in NYC | 76 | |
| 50397550 | Molasses Act | passed by Br. parliament in order to stop trade between colonies and the French West Indies | 77 | |
| 50397551 | Great Awakening | religious movement from 1730-1740 which resulted in new denominations and colleges | 78 | |
| 50397552 | Enlightenment | era of scientific reason which increased democratic ideas and advances in medicine and science | 79 | |
| 50397553 | Jonathan Edwards | religious evangelical preacher: "sinners of an angry god" | 80 | |
| 50397554 | George Whitefield | English evangelical preacher | 81 | |
| 50397555 | old lights | orthodox clergymen | 82 | |
| 50397556 | new lights | evangelical preachers | 83 | |
| 50397557 | Benjamin Franklin | Poor Richards Almanac | 84 | |
| 50397558 | John Peter Zenger Trial | Man was accused of overstepping freedom of speech and press by printing bad things bout the royal governor of NY | 85 | |
| 50397559 | Samuel de Champlain | soldier and explore; "father of new France" | 86 | |
| 50397560 | Jesuits | missionaries who were vital explorers and geographers | 87 | |
| 50397561 | Robert de la Salle | traveled down the Mississippi and founded Louisiana | 88 | |
| 50397562 | King Williams War | Br. colonists vs. French fur trappers | 89 | |
| 50397563 | War for Jenkins Ear | British vs. Spanish in the Caribbean Sea | 90 | |
| 50397564 | French and Indian War | Britain vs. France over territory in the New World | 91 | |
| 50397565 | George Washington | led VA troops to Fort Necessity to begin the French and Indian War | 92 | |
| 50397566 | Join or Die | slogan and propaganda created by Ben Franklin to help unit colonies in French Indian War | 93 | |
| 50397567 | William Pitt | strong british leader, "Great Commoner | 94 | |
| 50397568 | Albany Plan of Union | colonies must unite to win war with Franceq | 95 | |
| 50397569 | Treaty of Paris | ended the French and Indian War; harsh blow against Indian nations | 96 | |
| 50397570 | Proclamation 1763 | End of Salutary neglect; colonists couldn' move west of the Appalachain Mts. | 97 | |
| 50397571 | Pontiac's Rebellion | attempt by Indians and French to remove British from Ohio R. valley | 98 | |
| 50397572 | Quartering Act of 1765 | colonies had to provide food and shelter for British troops | 99 | |
| 50397573 | Stamp Act Congress | delegates from 9 colonies who drew up a list of grievances to the King | 100 | |
| 50397574 | Declaratory Act | parliaments right to bind the colonies in all cases | 101 | |
| 50397575 | Crispus Attucks | African American who was a leader of the mob of the Boston Massacre | 102 | |
| 50397576 | Samuel Adams | master propagandist and engineer of rebellion who was a cousin of John Adams | 103 | |
| 50397577 | Boston Tea Party | Bostonians dressed as Indians boarded British ships and dumped tea into the harbor | 104 | |
| 50397578 | Intolerable Acts | laws taking away chartered rights of colonists | 105 | |
| 50397579 | First Continental Congress | met in 1774 to redress colonial grievances | 106 | |
| 50397580 | Articles of Confederation | 1st government created by the U.S.; failed | 107 | |
| 50397581 | Mercantilism | mother country used colonies to become rich | 108 | |
| 50397582 | Stamp Act of 1765 | tax on stamps used to increase revenue for Br. Military | 109 | |
| 50397583 | Sons of Liberty | male colonial protesters | 110 | |
| 50397584 | Townshend Acts | tax on goods such as white lead, paper,tea glass adnd paint | 111 | |
| 50397585 | John Adams | 2nd U.S. president; Federalist | 112 | |
| 50397586 | Abigail Adams | wife of John Adams and a very influential person through her husband | 113 | |
| 50397587 | Thomas Hutchinson | Governor of Massachusetts whose house was burned by protesters | 114 | |
| 50397588 | Quebec Act of 1774 | French were allowed to keep their old customs and institutions | 115 | |
| 50397589 | Declaration of Rights | expressed loyalty to British | 116 | |
| 50397590 | Hessians | Hired german soldiers | 117 | |
| 50397591 | Sugar Act of 1764 | Law that modified the 1733 Molasses Act thus reducing the amount of taxes collected on molasses and sugar, but increasing the measures to enforce the Act (with date) | 118 | |
| 50397592 | virtual representation | the colonies were represented by the government officials in Britain | 119 | |
| 50397593 | Daughters of Liberty | female colonial protesters | 120 | |
| 50397594 | Boston Massacre | a colonial mob terrorized British soldiers with snowballs until he soldiers fired into the mob | 121 | |
| 50397595 | Lord North | prime minister who persuaded parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts | 122 | |
| 50397596 | Committees of Correspondence | meetings whose function was to keep spreading resistance to British policy | 123 | |
| 50397597 | Boston Port Act | closed the Port of Boston until damages had been paid for the Boston Tea Party | 124 | |
| 50397598 | The Association | called for a complete boycott of Br. goods; non importation | 125 | |
| 50397599 | Marquis de Lafayette | french nobleman who joined the colonial army | 126 | |
| 50397600 | Baron von Steuben | German drillmaster who helped discipline the colonial army | 127 | |
| 50397601 | Thomas Paine | wrote common sense | 128 | |
| 50397602 | Battle of Trenton | George Washington crossed the DE River to fight the Hessians | 129 | |
| 50397603 | Battle of Saratoga | The critical turning point in the Revolutionary War | 130 | |
| 50397604 | Republican Motherhood | the idea that women would teach democratic ideas into their husbands and sons | 131 | |
| 50397605 | Land Ordinance of 1785 | provided the land in the Old Northwest to be sold in order to pay off the national debt | 132 | |
| 50397606 | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | set the standard for admission of new states into the U.S. | 133 | |
| 50397607 | Shay's Rebellion | back country farmers revolted against property takeovers and high taxes. Demanded issuing of paper money | 134 | |
| 50397608 | Constitutional Convention | 55 reps from 12 states met in Philadelphia to create a Constitution | 135 | |
| 50397609 | George Washington | 1st president; no party | 136 | |
| 50397610 | Alexander Hamilton | 1st secretary of the Treasury who proposed the 1st national bank | 137 | |
| 50397611 | Thomas Jefferson | 3rd President and advocate of states rights | 138 | |
| 50397612 | John Adams | 2nd President and; federalist | 139 | |
| 50397613 | John Jay | Federalist Chief Justice of the Supreme Court | 140 | |
| 50397614 | James Madison | Father of the Constitution; 4th President | 141 | |
| 50397615 | VA and NJ plan | VA fought for the large state plan and NJ fought for the small state plan of Congessional power | 142 | |
| 50397616 | Great Compromise | creation of bicameral houses in congress. Senate and House of Reps. | 143 | |
| 50397617 | 3/5 compromise | Slaves in the southern states would be counted as 3/5 of a person in population | 144 | |
| 50397618 | Electoral college | method of electing the president in directly | 145 | |
| 50397619 | Federalists | political party who believed in loose construction of the Constitution | 146 | |
| 50397620 | Anti-federalists | political group who would later become the Democratic-Republicans | 147 | |
| 50397621 | Federalist Papers | articles written by men such as James Madison, and John Jay to talk people into agreeing with the Constitution | 148 | |
| 50397622 | checks and balances | the idea that all 3 branches of gov't had powers over each other | 149 | |
| 50397623 | Washington's Cabinent | Hamilton- Sec. of Treasury; Jefferson- Sec. of State; Henry Knox- Sec. of War | 150 | |
| 50397624 | Bill of rights | 1st 10 amendments to the Constitution | 151 | |
| 50397625 | Hamilton's Financial Policy | based on national debt, excise tax, national bank, and bolstering the national credit | 152 | |
| 50397626 | Jefferson Hamilton Bargain 1790 | Hamilton fought Jefferson stating that the Constitution allowed him to create a national bank | 153 | |
| 50397627 | Tariff of 1789 | 1st tariff passed by congress | 154 | |
| 50397628 | Whiskey tax of 1791 | tax on whiskey passed by Congress | 155 | |
| 50397629 | Strict Construction | belief that the Constitution cannot be changed and is what it is | 156 | |
| 50397630 | Loose construction | belief that the constitution was a living document and could be changed | 157 | |
| 50397631 | Implied powers | powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution | 158 | |
| 50397632 | elastic clause | the part of the Constitution that permits Congress to make any laws "necessary and proper" to carrying out its powers | 159 | |
| 50397633 | Neutrality Proclamation 1793 | issued by George Washington, established isolationist policy, proclaimed government's official neutrality in widening European conflicts also warned American citizens about intervening on either side of conflict | 160 | |
| 50397634 | Jay's treaty with Britain | deal with Br, that stated that Br. would pay for damages to recent ships | 161 | |
| 50397635 | Pinckney's Treaty | agreement between the united states and spain that changed floridas border and made it easier for american ships to use the port of new orleans | 162 | |
| 50397636 | Talleyrand | the French foreign minister, whom which three American dipolmats seek to reach an agreement with | 163 | |
| 50397637 | XYZ Affair | incident of the late 1790s in which French secret agents demanded a bribe and a loan to France in lieu of negotiating a dispute over the Jay Treaty and other issues | 164 | |
| 50397638 | Alien and Sedition acts | laws that made it harder to become a citizen and created harsh punishments for people who criticize the government | 165 | |
| 50397639 | Democratic-Republicans and Federalists | America's 1st two political parties | 166 | |
| 50397640 | Albert Gallatin | Jefferson's Secretary of Treasury who was a financial wizard - reduced govt. spending through careful management | 167 | |
| 50397641 | Judiciary Act 1801 | This Act created 16 federal judgeships, and to make the Supreme Court an appelate court | 168 | |
| 50397642 | John Marshall | American jurist and politician who served as the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1801-1835) and helped establish the practice of judicial review. | 169 | |
| 50397643 | Lewis and Clark | Two explorers sent by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase | 170 | |
| 50397644 | Aaron Burr | Jefferson's Vice President who dueled Hamilton and mortally wounded him | 171 | |
| 50397645 | Orders in Council | edicts that closed European ports to foreign shipping unless they stopped first in a British port | 172 | |
| 50397646 | Non-Intercourse Act 1809 | reopened trade with all nations of the world except france and Br. | 173 | |
| 50397647 | Macon's Bill No. 5 | repealed the embargo and opened all ports to trade | 174 | |
| 50397648 | War Hawks | supporters of the War of 1812 | 175 | |
| 50397649 | Tecumseh | shawnee chief who formed native american confederation to fight americans | 176 | |
| 50397650 | War of 1812 | a war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France | 177 | |
| 50397651 | Francis Scott Key | wrote poem "Star Spangled Banner" while watching Fort McHerny being bombed September 1814 . Became the National Anthem in 1931 | 178 | |
| 50397652 | General Andrew Jackson | Victor @ Battle of New Orleans | 179 | |
| 50397653 | Treaty of Ghent | treaty that ended the war of 1812 | 180 | |
| 50397654 | Virgina Dynasty | 4 out of the first 5 presidents were from VA | 181 | |
| 50397655 | Stephen Decatur | national hero of the US; naval lieutenant; fought against Barbary Pirates | 182 | |
| 50397656 | Madison's Veto | declined federal funding of Erie canal and other internal improvmnets | 183 | |
| 50397657 | Erie Canal | funded by NY and finished in 1825 | 184 | |
| 50397658 | Era of Good Feelings | name for President Monroe's two terms: period of strong nationalism, economic growth, territorial expansion, and fewer partisan conflicts | 185 | |
| 50397659 | Panic of 1819 | A natural post-war depression caused by overproduction and the reduced demand for goods after the war. However, it was generally blamed on the National Bank. | 186 | |
| 50397660 | McCulloch vs. MD | federal banks cannot be effected by state gov't | 187 | |
| 50397661 | Gibbons vs. Ogden | granted the power to control interstate commerce to Congress | 188 | |
| 50397662 | Fletcher vs. Peck | official contracts must be upheld | 189 | |
| 50397663 | Acquisition of Florida | Andrew Jackson led his forces into Seminole territory and capture their chief | 190 | |
| 50397664 | Russo-American Treaty 1824 | fixed the northern most point between Russian America and the U.S. | 191 | |
| 50397665 | Minority president | A president that doesn't win the popular vote | 192 | |
| 50397666 | Andrew Jackson | 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency | 193 | |
| 50397667 | Spoils system | the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power | 194 | |
| 50397668 | Tariff of 1833 | Henry Clay's force bill or "bloody bill" | 195 | |
| 50397669 | Indian Removal Act | trail of tears. movement of NA's to Oklahoma territory | 196 | |
| 50397670 | Anti-Masonic Party | (1832) - 1st third party in the presidential elections - against the Mason order of which Andrew Jackson was a part of - anti-Jackson | 197 | |
| 50397671 | Specie Circular | issued by President Jackson July 11, 1836, was meant to stop land speculation caused by states printing paper money without proper specie (gold or silver) backing it. | 198 | |
| 50397672 | Martin Van Buren | Little Magcian | 199 | |
| 50397673 | Stephen Austin | Original leader of american settlers in Texas who obtained a huge land grant from the Mexican government | 200 | |
| 50397674 | Sam Houston | United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863) | 201 | |
| 50397675 | Texas Independence | occurred in 1836 after Sam Houston led a successful revolt to overthrow Mexican control over Texas | 202 | |
| 50397676 | Lone Star Republic | Name of Texas before annexed to the United States when Texas was its own country. | 203 | |
| 50397677 | election of 1840 | Tippecanoe and Tyler too | 204 | |
| 50397678 | Dorthea Dix | Reformer, who worked mightily to improve the treatment of the mentally ill. Appointed superintendant of women nurses for the Union forces. | 205 | |
| 50397679 | Burned over District | area of New York State along the Erie Canal that was constantly aflame with revivalism and reform; as wave after wave to fervor broke over the region, groups such as the Mormons, Shakers, and Millerites found support among the residents. | 206 | |
| 50397680 | Peter Cartwright | The most famous Methodist traveling frontier preacher. He traveled around the country preaching to large groups. | 207 | |
| 50397681 | Mormons | Joseph Smith created this faith and moved them to Utah | 208 | |
| 50397682 | Education Reform | 1830ish. Followed temperance movement and set up public schools and minimum requirements. Horace Mann was main component in movement. | 209 | |
| 50397683 | Utopian Communities | groups of people who tried to form a perfect society | 210 | |
| 50397684 | Transcendentalism | A philosophy pioneered by Ralph Waldo Emerson in the 1830's and 1840's, in which each person has direct communication with God and Nature, | 211 | |
| 50397685 | John Brown's Raid | raid on federal arsenal @ Harper's Ferry, WV | 212 | |
| 50397686 | Stephen Douglass | Illinois Senator, debated Lincoln, Democrat, popular sovereignty, Kansas-Nebraska Act | 213 | |
| 50397687 | Dred Scott Decision | Landmark court decision that ruled that slaves were property and antislavery laws were unconstitutional | 214 | |
| 50397688 | Henry Polk | 11th president; expansionist; provoked mexican War | 215 | |
| 50397689 | Manifest Destiny | This expression was popular in the 1840s. Many people believed that the U.S. was destined to secure territory from "sea to sea," from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory. | 216 | |
| 50397690 | Liberty Party | Anti-Slavery Party | 217 | |
| 50397691 | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Treaty which ended the Mexican War | 218 | |
| 50397692 | General Winfield Scott | General who captured Mexico City | 219 | |
| 50397693 | General Zachary Taylor | 12th President, Hero of Buena Vista | 220 | |
| 50397694 | Underground Railroad | path of abolitionist homes which helped lead slaves to freedom | 221 | |
| 50397695 | Harriet Tubman | Most famous conductor on the Underground RR | 222 | |
| 50397696 | William Lloyd Garrison | abolitionist who wrote the Liberator | 223 | |
| 50397697 | California Gold Rush | Sutter's Mill,1848 | 224 | |
| 50397698 | Compromise of 1850 | California admitted free; stricter fugitive slave law; slave trade forbid in D.C.; New Mexico admitted by popular sovereignty | 225 | |
| 50397699 | Immortal Trio | Daniel Webster; Henry clay; John C. Calhoun | 226 | |
| 50397700 | Gadsden Purchase | Area in SW U.S. bought from mexico | 227 |
