Terms : Hide Images
| 589681300 | origins of replication | Site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins, consisting of a specific sequence of nucleotides. | |
| 589681301 | DNA polymerase | An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA (for example, at a replication fork) by the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing chain. | |
| 589681302 | DNA polymerase I | removes the primer from the 5' end of the second fragment, replacing it with DNA nucleotides that it adds one by one to the 3' end of the thrid fragment | |
| 589681303 | DNA polymerase III | continuously synthesizes the leading strand in the 5' - 3' direction and also completes synthesis of the fourth fragment, when it reaches the RNA primer on the third fragment, it will dissociate, move to the replication fork and adds DNA nucleotides to the 3' end of the fifth fragment primer | |
| 589681304 | replication fork | A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where the parental strands are being unwound and new strands are growing. | |
| 589681305 | leading strand | The new complementary DNA strand synthesized continuously along the template strand toward the replication fork in the mandatory 5'?3' direction. | |
| 589681306 | lagging strand | A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates by means of Okazaki fragments, each synthesized in a 5'3' direction away from the replication fork. | |
| 589681307 | okazaki fragments | A short segment of DNA synthesized away from the replication fork on a template strand during DNA replication, many of which are joined together to make up the lagging strand of newly synthesized DNA. | |
| 589681308 | DNA ligase | A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 3' end of one DNA fragment (such as an Okazaki fragment) to the 5' end of another DNA fragment (such as a growing DNA chain). | |
| 589681309 | primer | A polynucleotide with a free 3' end bound by complementary base pairing to the template strand, that is elongated during DNA replication | |
| 589681310 | primase | An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer using the parental DNA strand as a template. | |
| 589681311 | helicase | An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks, separating the two strands and making them available as template strands. | |
| 589681312 | topoisomerase | A protein that functions in DNA replication, helping to relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication | |
| 589681313 | single-strand binding protein | During DNA replication, molecules that line up along the unpaired DNA strands, holding them apart while the DNA strands serve as templates for the synthesis of complementary strands of DNA | |
| 589681314 | antiparallel | the opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix | |
| 589681315 | Watson and Crick | discovered the double-helical model for the structure of DNA | |
| 589681316 | double helix | The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent antiparallel polynucleotide strands wound around an imaginary axis into a spiral shape. | |
| 589681317 | base pairing in DNA | A-T C-G |
