AP Biology vocabulary terms from the 7th adition AP Biology textbook
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| 259683083 | Mismatch Repair | the cellular process that uses special enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides | |
| 259683084 | Double Helix | the form of native DNA, referring to its 2 adjacent polynucleotidestrands wound into a spiral shape | |
| 259683085 | Transformation | (1) conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell. (2) change in genotype and phenotypedue to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell | |
| 259683086 | Primase | enzyme that joins RNA nucleotidesto the primer | |
| 259683087 | Nuclease | enzyme that hydrolizes DNA and RNAinto their component nucleotides | |
| 259683088 | Helicase | enzyme that untwists the double helixof DNA at the replication forks | |
| 259683089 | Telomere | protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically, the tandemly repetitiveDNA at the endof the chromosome's DNA molecule | |
| 259683090 | Bacteriophage | viruse that infects bacteria; also called a phage | |
| 259683091 | Primer | Polynucleotide w/ a free 3' end, bound by complementary base pairing to the template strand, this is elongatedduring DNA replecation | |
| 259683092 | Lagging Strand | discontinuously synthized DNA strandthat elongates in a direction away from the replication fork | |
| 259683093 | Single-Strand Binding Protein | During DNA replication, molecules that line up along the unpaired DNA strands, holding them apart while the DNA strands serve as templates for the synthesis of complementory strands of DNA | |
| 259683094 | Origin of Rpelecation | site where replication of a DNA molecule begains | |
| 259683095 | Replecation Fork | Y-shaped region on w replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing | |
| 259683096 | DNA Polymerase | enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides the the existingchain | |
| 259683097 | DNA Ligase | linkage-enzyme essential for DNA replication; cataliyzes the covalent bonding of the 3' end of a new DNA fragmentto the 5' end of a growing chain | |
| 259683098 | Topoisomerase | protein that functionsin DNA replication, helping relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork | |
| 259683099 | Nucleotide Excision Repair | process of removing and correctly replacing a damaged segment of DNA using the undamaged strand as a guide | |
| 259683100 | Telomerase | enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres. enzyme includes a molecule of RNA that serves as a template fornew telomere segments | |
| 259683101 | Leading Strand | new continueous complementary DNA strand synthesized allong the template strand in the manditory 5' / 3' direction | |
| 259683102 | Okazaki Fragment | short segment of DNA synthesized on a template strand during DNA replication. many make up the lagging strand of newly synthesized DNA | |
| 259683103 | Semiconserviative Model | Type of DNA replicaiton in which the replicated double helixconsists of one old strand, derived from the old molecule, and one newly mad strand |
