Terms : Hide Images
| 1960431533 | 59 cap | ... | 0 | |
| 1960431534 | A site | One of the ribosom's three binding sights for tRNA during translation. The ___ holds the tRNA carrying the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain. | 1 | |
| 1960431535 | Alternative RNA Splicing | A type of regulation at the RNA processwing level in which different mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript, depending on which RNA segments are treated as exons and which as introns | 2 | |
| 1960431536 | Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase | AN enzyme that joins each amino acid to the correct tRNA. | 3 | |
| 1960431537 | Anticodon | A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule. | 4 | |
| 1960431538 | Base Pair substitution | A type of point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides. | 5 | |
| 1960431539 | codon | A three nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code. | 6 | |
| 1960431540 | deletion | A mutational loss of one or more genes. | 7 | |
| 1960431541 | domain | An independently folding part of a protein | 8 | |
| 1960431542 | E(exit) site | One on a ribosome's three binding sites for tRNA during translation. It is the place where discharged tRNAs leave the ribosomes ... | 9 | |
| 1960431543 | Exon | A coding region of a eukaryotic gene. ___, which are expressed, are separated from each other by introns. | 10 | |
| 1960431544 | Frame shift mutation | A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three, resulting in the improper grouping of the following nucleotides into codons. ... | 11 | |
| 1960431545 | Insertion | A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotides pairs to a gene. | 12 | |
| 1960431546 | Intron | A non-coding, intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene. ... | 13 | |
| 1960431547 | Messenger RNA (mRNA) | A type of RNA, synthesized from DNA, that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein. | 14 | |
| 1960431548 | missense mutation | The most common type of mutation, a base pair substitution in which the new codon makes sense in that it still codes for an amino acid. | 15 | |
| 1960431549 | Mutagen | A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation | 16 | |
| 1960431550 | Mutation | A change in the DNA of gene, ultimately creating a genetic diersity. | 17 | |
| 1960431551 | nonsense mutation | A mutation that changes an amino acid codon to one of the three stop codons, resulting in a shorter and usually nonfunctional protein | 18 | |
| 1960431552 | one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis | The primisis that a gene is a part of DNA that codes for one polypeptide. | 19 | |
| 1960431554 | p site | One of a ribosome's three binding sites for tRNa | 20 | |
| 1960431555 | point mutation | A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair | 21 | |
| 1960431556 | poly-a Tail | The modified end of an mRNA molecule consisting of the addition of some 50 to 250 adenine nucleotides | 22 | |
| 1960431557 | polyribosome (polysome) | n aggregation of several ribosome attached to one messenger RNA molecule. | 23 | |
| 1960431558 | Primary transcripts | An initial RNa transcript; also called pre-mRNA when transcribed from a protein-coding gene. | 24 | |
| 1960431559 | promoter | A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase | 25 | |
| 1960431560 | reading frame | The way a cell's mRNA translating machinery groups the mRNA nucleotides into codons. | 26 | |
| 1960431561 | ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | The most abundant type of RNA, which together with proteins forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons. | 27 | |
| 1960431562 | Riboseome | A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA | 28 | |
| 1960431563 | ribozyme | AN enzyme-like RNA molecule that catalyzes reactions during RNA splicing. | 29 | |
| 1960431564 | RNA polymerase | An enyme that links toghether the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription | 30 | |
| 1960431565 | RNA processing | Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus, a process unique to eukaryotes. | 31 | |
| 1960431566 | RNA splicing | The removal of noncoding proteins (introns)of the RNA molecule after initial synthesis. | 32 | |
| 1960431567 | Signal Peptide | A stretch of amino acids on a polypeptide that targets the protein to a specific destination in a eukaryotic cell. | 33 | |
| 1960431568 | Signal- recognition particle (SRP) | A protein RNA complex that recognizes a signal peptide as it emerges from the ribosome | 34 | |
| 1960431569 | Spliceosome | A complex assembly that interacts within the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA, releasing the intron and joining the two adjacent exons. | 35 | |
| 1960431570 | TATA box | A promoter DNA sequence crucial in forming the transcription initiation complex. | 36 | |
| 1960431571 | Template strand | THe DNA strand that provides the template for ordering the sequejce of the nucleotides in an RNA template. | 37 | |
| 1960431572 | terminator | In prokaryotes, a special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that arks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule,molecule, which then departs from the cell. | 38 | |
| 1960431573 | transcription | The synthesis of RNA on a DNA templeate | 39 | |
| 1960431574 | Transcription factor | A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and stimulates transcription of specific genes. | 40 | |
| 1960431575 | transcription initiation Complex | The completed assembly of transcription factors and RNA polymerase bound to the promoter. | 41 | |
| 1960431577 | transcription unit | A region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule. | 42 | |
| 1960431578 | transfer RNA (tRNA) | A RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acids and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA... | 43 | |
| 1960431579 | Translation | The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of "language" from nucleotides to amino acids. | 44 | |
| 1960431580 | Triplet code | AA set of three-nucleotide-long words that specify the amino acid for polypeptide chains | 45 | |
| 1960431581 | wobble | A violation of the base-pairing rules in that the third nucleotide (5' end) of a tRNA anticodon can form hydrogen bonds with more than one kind of base in the third position (3' end) of a codon. ... | 46 |
