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AP Bio Chapter 34

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282902949abiotic componentsNonliving chemical and physical factors in the environment.
282902950aphotic zoneThe part of the ocean where light does not penetrate sufficiently for photosynthesis to occur
282902951benthic zoneThe bottom surfaces of aquatic environments.
282902952biomeThe world's major ecosystems, classified by vegetation and characterized by adaptations of organisms
282902953biosphereThe entire portion of Earth inhabited by life
282902954chaparralA scrubland biome of dense, spiny evergreen shrubs
282902955communityAll the organisms that inhabit a particular area
282902956coniferous forestDominated by cone-bearing evergreen trees such as spruce, pine, fir, and hemlock
282902957continental shelvesThe submerged parts of continents
282902958coral reefsWarm water, tropical, ecosystems dominated by the hard skeletal structures secreted by cnidarians
282902959desertA biome characterized by sparse rainfall (less than 30 centimeters per year).
282902960desertificationThe conversion of semi-arid regions to deserts
282902961doldrumsCalm or very light winds at the equator
282902962ecosystemAll the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact
282902963estuaryThe area where a freshwater stream or river merges with the ocean
282902964habitatsenvironmental situations in which organisms live
282902965intertidal zoneThe shallow zone of the ocean where land meets water
282902966pelagic zoneThe area of the ocean past the continental shelf, with areas of open water often reaching to very great depths
282902967permafrostA permanently frozen stratum below the arctic tundra
282902968photic zoneThe narrow top slice of the ocean, where light permeates sufficiently for photosynthesis to occur
282902969phytoplanktonAlgae and photosynthetic bacteria that drift passively in the pelagic zone of an aquatic environment.
282902970populationA group of individuals of one species that live in a particular geographic area
282902971savannaA tropical grassland biome with scattered individual trees, large herbivores
282902972taigaThe coniferous or boreal forest biome
282902973temperate deciduous forestA biome in midlatitude regions where there is sufficient moisture to support the growth of large deciduous trees
282902974temperate grasslandGrassland regions maintained by seasonal drought, occasional fires, and grazing by large mammals.
282902975temperate zonesRegion whose latitude is between the tropics and the Arctic Circle or the Antarctic Circle
282902976trade windsThe movement of air in the tropics from approximately 23.5 degrees north and south towards the equator
282902977tropical rain forestThe most complex of all communities, located near the equator where rainfall is abundant
282902978tundraA biome at the extreme limits of plant growth; at the northernmost limits
282902979wetlandAn ecosystem intermediate between an aquatic one and a terrestrial one
282902980zooplanktonAnimals that drift in the pelagic zone of an aquatic environment

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