metabolism
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| 8175016518 | metabolism | totality of an organism's chemical reactions | 0 | |
| 8175016519 | metabolic pathway | begins with specific molecule, ends with product; each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme | 1 | |
| 8175018622 | catabolic pathway | release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds | 2 | |
| 8175018623 | anabolic pathway | consume energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones | 3 | |
| 8175022342 | bioenergentics | studies how organisms use their energy | 4 | |
| 8175022343 | energy | capacity to cause change, some can perform work | 5 | |
| 8175030762 | potential energy | energy because of position and structure | 6 | |
| 8175025295 | kinetic energy | energy of movement | 7 | |
| 8175025296 | heat (thermal energy) | kinetic energy associated with random movement of atoms/molecules | 8 | |
| 8175030763 | chemical energy | potential energy released in a chemical reaction | 9 | |
| 8175697796 | thermodynamics | study of energy transformations | 10 | |
| 8175701371 | entropy | measure of disorder | 11 | |
| 8175707791 | free energy | can do work when temperature and pressure are uniform | 12 | |
| 8175718338 | free energy formula | change in free energy (G) = change in total energy (H) - temperature in kelvin (T) x change in entropy (S) ΔG = ΔH - TΔS |  | 13 |
| 8175707792 | exergonic | proceeds with net release of free energy, spontaneous | 14 | |
| 8175707956 | endergonic | absorbs free energy, nonspontaneous | 15 | |
| 8175759598 | energy coupling | using an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one | 16 | |
| 8175761452 | phosphorylation | metabolic process of introducing a phosphate group into an organic molecule. | 17 | |
| 8175761453 | catalyst | chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction | 18 | |
| 8175764431 | enzyme | catalytic protein | 19 | |
| 8175767674 | free energy of activation/ activation energy (Ea) | initial energy needed to start a chemical reaction | 20 | |
| 8175770383 | substrate | reactant enzyme acts on | 21 | |
| 8175772142 | enzyme substrate complex | a temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules | 22 | |
| 8175772143 | active site | region where substrate binds to an enzyme | 23 | |
| 8175774714 | induced fit | binds chemical groups of active site into position to enhance their ability to catalyze reactions | 24 | |
| 8175774715 | cofactors | nonprotein enzyme helpers | 25 | |
| 8175774716 | coenzyme | an organic cofactor required for enzyme activity | 26 | |
| 8175778457 | competitive inhibitor | binds to an active site, competes with the substrate | 27 | |
| 8175778458 | noncompetitive inhibitor | binds to another part of an enzyme, makes the enzyme change shape and the active site less effective | 28 | |
| 8175782123 | allosteric regulation | either inhibits/stimulates enzymes; occurs when regulatory molecule binds to a protein at one site and affects protein's function at another site | 29 | |
| 8175788474 | cooperativity | form of allosteric regulation that amplifies enzyme activity | 30 | |
| 8175788475 | feedback inhibition | end product of metabolic pathway shuts down the pathway- prevents cell from wasting chemical resources | 31 |
