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| 7453454698 | hydroxyl group: structure | —OH : A hyrdrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, bonded to the carbon skeleton of the organic molecule | 0 | |
| 7453454699 | hydroxyl group: compound name | Alcohols - names usually end in "-ol" | 1 | |
| 7453454700 | hydroxyl group: compound example | Ethanol, the alcohol present in alcoholic beverages |  | 2 |
| 7453454701 | hydroxyl group: functional properties | Polar because of oxygen's high electronegativity; attracts water molecules, helping to dissulve organic compounds such as sugars | 3 | |
| 7453454702 | carbonyl group: compound names | ketone, if the group is within a carbon skeleton; aldehyde, if the group is at the end of the skeleton | 4 | |
| 7453454703 | carbonyl group: compound examples | acetone, the simplest ketone; propanal, an aldehyde | 5 | |
| 7453454704 | carbonyl group: functional properties | ketones and aldehydes may be structural isomers with different properties | 6 | |
| 7453454705 | carbonyl group: structure | >CO : Carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond | 7 | |
| 7453454706 | carboxyl group: structure | —COOH : Oxygen atom double-bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to a hydroxyl group | 8 | |
| 7453454707 | carboxyl group: compound name | Carboxylic acids - organic acids | 9 | |
| 7453454708 | carboxyl group: compound example | acetic acid, which gives vinegar its sour taste |  | 10 |
| 7453454709 | carboxyl group: functional properties | acidic properties because it can give off hydrogen ions; hydrogen ions often dissociate reversibly; found in the ionic form in cells (--------ate group) | 11 | |
| 7453454710 | amino group: structure | —NH2 : nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton | 12 | |
| 7453454711 | amino group: compound name | Amines | 13 | |
| 7453454712 | amino group: compound example | glycine - has carboxyl group as well, and so is an amino acid | 14 | |
| 7453454713 | amino group: functional properties | acts as a base; can pick up a proton (H+ ion) from the surrounding solution; ionized with a charge of 1+ under cellular conditions | 15 | |
| 7453454714 | sulfhydryl group: structure | —SH : sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen (resembles a hydroxyl group in shape) | 16 | |
| 7453454715 | sulfhydryl group: compound name | Thiols | 17 | |
| 7453454716 | sulfhydryl group: compound example | ethanethiol | 18 | |
| 7453454717 | sulfhydryl group: funtional properties | two can interact to help stabilize protein structure | 19 | |
| 7453454718 | phosphate group: structure | —OPO3 2- : phosphorus atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms; one oxygen is bonded to the carbon skeleton; two oxygens carry negative charges (ionized form of a phosphoric acid group) | 20 | |
| 7453454719 | phosphate group: compound name | Organic phosphates | 21 | |
| 7453454720 | phosphate group: compound example | glycerol phosphate | 22 | |
| 7453454721 | phosphate group: functional properties | makes the molecule of which it is a part an anion (negatively charged ion); can transfer energy between organic molecules | 23 |
