Photosynthesis
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| 13523433567 | photosynthesis (definition) | process of harnessing light energy to build carbohydrates in autotrophs (ex. plants, cyanobacteria) |  | 0 |
| 13523433571 | photosynthesis (equation) | 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 | 1 | |
| 13523433572 | autotroph | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food (producer) |  | 2 |
| 13523433573 | heterotroph | organism that cannot produce its own food and therefore obtains it by consuming other living things (consumer) |  | 3 |
| 13523433574 | anabolic | What kind of a process is photosynthesis? |  | 4 |
| 13523433575 | catabolic | What kind of a process is cellular respiration? |  | 5 |
| 13523433576 | light-dependent reactions | 1st step of photosynthesis during which light energy is captured and used to synthesize ATP and NADPH |  | 6 |
| 13523433577 | light-independent reactions | 2nd step of photosynthesis during which CO2 is incorporated into a sugar molecule using ATP and NADPH produced during the first step |  | 7 |
| 13523433578 | thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts | location of light-dependent reactions | 8 | |
| 13523433579 | stroma of chloroplasts | location of light-independent reactions | 9 | |
| 13523433580 | G3P | carbon product of the light-independent reactions |  | 10 |
| 13523433581 | pigments | substances that can absorb, reflect, or transmit light | 11 | |
| 13523433582 | absorption spectrum | graph of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light |  | 12 |
| 13523433583 | violet, blue and red | Which wavelengths of the visible light spectrum do chlorophylls absorb? | 13 | |
| 13523433584 | green and yellow | Which wavelengths of the visible light spectrum do chlorophylls reflect? | 14 | |
| 13523433568 | carotenoids | accessory pigments in chloroplasts that broaden the spectrum of colors used in photosynthesis |  | 15 |
| 13523433585 | photosystems | photosynthetic pigments embedded with protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane |  | 16 |
| 13523433586 | water | splitting this molecule replaces electrons which are excited and passed to primary electron acceptor in PSII | 17 | |
| 13523433587 | O2 | released as a byproduct of splitting water | 18 | |
| 13523433588 | proton-motive force | created by pumping hydrogen ions from stroma to thylakoid space during electron transport chain between PS II and PS I |  | 19 |
| 13523433589 | ATP synthase | enzyme that synthesies ATP by utilizing a proton-motive force |  | 20 |
| 13523433569 | Calvin cycle, dark reactions, and carbon fixation | other names for light independent reactions |  | 21 |
| 13523433591 | reduction | step in Calvin cycle that produces sugar G3P | 22 | |
| 13523433592 | carbon dioxide | molecule reduced in Calvin cycle to produce sugar | 23 | |
| 13523433570 | thylakoids | flattened membranous sacs inside chloroplasts that contain systems which convert light energy to chemical energy |  | 24 |
| 13523433593 | absorbed | energy is ____________ in photosynthesis | 25 | |
| 13523433594 | released | energy is _____________ in cellular respiration | 26 | |
| 13523433595 | glucose and oxygen | reactants of cellular respiration | 27 | |
| 13523433596 | carbon dioxide and water | reactants of photosynthesis | 28 | |
| 13523433597 | glucose | source of electrons used in ETC of cellular respiration | 29 | |
| 13523433598 | intermembrane space | site of proton gradient built up in cellular respiration | 30 | |
| 13523433599 | thylakoid space | site of proton gradient built up in photosynthesis | 31 | |
| 13523433600 | NAD+ and FAD | high energy electron carrier(s) before reduction in cellular respiration (after they drop off electrons at ETC) | 32 | |
| 13523433601 | NADH and FADH2 | high energy electron carrier(s) after reduction in cellular respiration (after they pick up electrons from Kreb's cycle) | 33 | |
| 13523433602 | NADP+ | high energy electron carrier(s ) before reduction in photosynthesis (after they drop off electrons for Calvin cycle) |  | 34 |
| 13523433603 | NADPH | high energy electron carrier(s ) after reduction in photosynthesis (after they pick up electrons from ETC) |  | 35 |
| 13523433604 | ATP | energy product(s) from ETC in cellular respiration |  | 36 |
| 13523433605 | ATP and NADPH | energy product(s) from ETC in photosynthesis |  | 37 |
| 13523433606 | glucose, NADH and FADH2 | reactant(s) oxidized in cellular respiration | 38 | |
| 13523433607 | H2O | reactant(s) oxidized in photosynthesis (source of electrons) | 39 | |
| 13523433609 | stomata | pore-like openings on underside of leaves that allow gases (CO2 and O2) and water to diffuse in and out |  | 40 |
