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AP Biology: Animal Behavior Flashcards

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9410647267Ethologystudy of animal behavior0
9410647269Innatebehaviors that are inherited1
9410647270Kinesisrandom movement of animal in relation to stimulus; the stimulus causes an alteration in rate or direction of activity or movement.2
9410647271Fixed-action Patternssequence of unlearned acts that are unchangeable and usually continue until they are completed3
9410647273Learned BehaviorsBehaviors that are modified based on specific experiences example: nest building4
9410647274Habituationloss of responsiveness to stimuli with little or no meaning; animal can ignore meaningless stimuli5
9410647276Classical Conditioningarbitrary stimulus associated with particular outcome example: training a dog6
9410647277Operant Conditioning (trial and error)when faced with two choices, an organism can learn to choose the option with the best reward. example: students who study to improve their grades7
9410647280Altruismengaging in behavior that doesn't help you, but helps rest of population (selfless)8
9410647282Kin Selectionaltruistic behavior that enhances reproductive success of relatives9
9410647283Agonistic Behaviorthreats, rituals, and combat; settles disputes over resources, asserting dominance10
9410647285Sexual Selectionseeking and attracting mates/choosing and competing for males11
9410647286PheromonesChemical signals12
9410647288ImprintingSome baby bird species will follow the first moving object they see usually the mother. example: ducks13
9410647289Migrationorganisms move from one place to another periodically, generally in response to temperature or food availability. example: geese, monarch butterflies14
9410647292Positive ChemotaxisAn organism responds to a chemical by moving towards it. example: male cockroach pheromones attract females15
9410647293Negative ChemotaxisAn organism responds to a chemical by moving away from it. example: the smell of a skunk repels other animals16
9410647294Positive PhototaxisAn organism responds to light by moving towards it. example: moths to a light17
9410647295Negative PhototaxisAn organism responds to light by moving away from it. example: moles live underground18
9410679506Proximate CauseImmediate causes such as genetic, developmental, physiological processes that permit the animal to carry out a specific behavior, answers how and what questions19
9410679507Ultimate CauseThe evolutionary explanations for why a certain behavior occurs20

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