1.A.1, 1.A.2, 1.A.3, 1.A.4
Terms : Hide Images
| 7913393289 | natural selection | A population can change over time if individuals with more fit traits leave more offspring than less fit individuals. |  | 0 |
| 7913393290 | evolutionary adaptation | An accumulation of inherited characteristics that enhance organisms' ability to survive and reproduce in specific environments. |  | 1 |
| 7913393291 | artificial selection | Humans modifying species for desired traits through selective breeding. |  | 2 |
| 7913393292 | fitness | better chance of surviving in a given environment and will leave more offspring. | 3 | |
| 7913393293 | homologous structures | Same structure, different function. Comes from common ancestor. |  | 4 |
| 7913393294 | analogous structures | Different structure, same function. Comes from common environmental challenges, NOT common ancestor. |  | 5 |
| 7913393295 | vestigial structures | Are little or no importance to organism, but remain from an ancestor. |  | 6 |
| 7913393296 | population | Group of individuals of the same species living in the same area. |  | 7 |
| 7913393297 | gene pool | All the genes in a given population at a given time. |  | 8 |
| 7913393298 | allele frequency | Proportion of an allele in a gene pool. |  | 9 |
| 7913393299 | Hardy-Weinberg Theorem | Helps measure changes in allele frequencies over time . Provides an "ideal" population to use as a basis of comparison. |  | 10 |
| 7913393300 | mutation | Changes in nucleotide sequence in DNA. |  | 11 |
| 7913393301 | genetic drift | Change in allele frequencies due to chance, not natural selection. |  | 12 |
| 7913393302 | bottleneck effect | When a population has been dramatically reduced, and the gene pool is no longer reflective of the original population's. |  | 13 |
| 7913393303 | founder effect | When a small number of individuals colonize a new area; new gene pool not reflective of original population. |  | 14 |
| 7913393304 | gene flow | When a population gains or loses alleles, movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population. |  | 15 |
| 7913393305 | genetic variation | Heritable variations in a population. |  | 16 |
| 7913393306 | heterozygous advantage | Maintains recessive alleles in a population. (example: sickle cell anemia resistance to malaria) |  | 17 |
| 7913393307 | sexual selection | Natural selection for mating success. |  | 18 |
| 7913393308 | directional selection | Natural selection in which individuals at one end of the phenotypic range survive or reproduce more successfully than do other individuals. |  | 19 |
| 7913393309 | stabilizing selection | Natural selection that favors intermediate variants by acting against extreme phenotypes. |  | 20 |
| 7913393310 | disruptive selection | Natural selection that favors individuals with either extreme of a trait and may lead to speciation. |  | 21 |
| 7913393311 | cladogram | Shows patterns of shared characteristics. |  | 22 |
| 7913393312 | speciation | Origin of new species and the source of biological diversity. |  | 23 |
| 7913393313 | biological species concept | Species is a group of populations whose members have the potential to produce fertile offspring. | 24 | |
| 7913393314 | reproductive isolation | Barriers that impede members of two different species from producing fertile offspring. examples: prezygotic, temporal, habitat, behavioral, mechanical, gametic, postzygotic, reduced hybrid viability/sterility |  | 25 |
| 7913393315 | allopatric speciation | The formation of new species caused by separation by geography |  | 26 |
| 7913393316 | sympatric speciation | speciation without a divided population. |  | 27 |
| 7913393317 | 5 Conditions of Hardy Weinberg | (1) No natural selection (2) Large population (3) Random mating (4) No gene flow (5) No mutations | 28 | |
| 7913393318 | convergent evolution | Evolution that occurs when unrelated species occupy the same environment and are subjected to similar selective pressures and show similar adaptations (known as analogous structures). |  | 29 |
| 7913393319 | divergent evolution | Evolution that occurs when related species evolve in different patterns due to different selective pressures and show differing adaptations (known as homologous structures) |  | 30 |
| 7913393320 | Miller-Urey Experiment | Chemical experiment that shows that it is possible to form complex organic molecules form inorganic molecules in the absence of life. (primordial soup hypothesis) |  | 31 |
| 7913393321 | RNA world hypothesis | RNA could have been the earliest genetic material |  | 32 |
