Terms : Hide Images
| 8038640719 | ionic bond | bond resulting from a transfer of electrons causing an attraction between oppositely charged ions |  | 0 |
| 8038640720 | covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule |  | 1 |
| 8038640721 | nonpolar | a molecule in which all atoms have the same electronegativity and the electron distribution is equal, hydrophobic |  | 2 |
| 8038640722 | polar | molecule in which the positive and negative charges are separated and unequal, hydrophilic |  | 3 |
| 8038640723 | buffer | mixture that can react with an acid or a base to maintain the pH within a specific range |  | 4 |
| 8038640724 | isomer | organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structure |  | 5 |
| 8038640725 | monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar; monomer of carbohydrates |  | 6 |
| 8038640726 | disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. |  | 7 |
| 8038640727 | dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules are bonded together with the removal of a water molecule. |  | 8 |
| 8038640728 | hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules (polymers) by the chemical addition of water. |  | 9 |
| 8038640729 | polysaccharide | A polymer of many monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reactions. |  | 10 |
| 8038640730 | cellulose | structural polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls |  | 11 |
| 8038640731 | starch | Storage polysaccharide found in plant cells that consists entirely of glucose monomers | | 12 |
| 8038640732 | glycerol | Three-carbon compound with three hydroxyl groups; fatty acids are covalently bonded to it to make fats and oils. |  | 13 |
| 8038640733 | fatty acid | hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end; majority portion in lipids |  | 14 |
| 8038640734 | saturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms; solid at room temperature and found in animal fats, lards, and dairy products. |  | 15 |
| 8038640735 | unsaturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms; liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. |  | 16 |
| 8038640736 | steroid | lipid with a four fused ring structure; cholesterol and testosterone |  | 17 |
| 8038640737 | peptide bond | bond creating amino acid chains or polymers |  | 18 |
| 8038640738 | primary structure | linear sequence of amino acids; peptide bonds |  | 19 |
| 8038640739 | secondary structure | Either an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet formed with hydrogen bonds |  | 20 |
| 8038640740 | tertiary structure | 3D shape of single polypeptide due to interactions of the side chains using hydrogen bonding, ioning bonding and disulphide bridges |  | 21 |
| 8038640741 | quaternary structure | The shape resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide subunits. |  | 22 |
| 8038640742 | alpha helix | secondary structure form of a protein; human hair (keratin) |  | 23 |
| 8038640743 | beta pleated sheet | secondary structure form of a protein; spider webs and silk |  | 24 |
| 8038640744 | functional group | group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other molecules |  | 25 |
| 8038640745 | cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance; Water molecules sticking to each other. |  | 26 |
| 8038640746 | polymer | long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together |  | 27 |
| 8038640747 | monomer | building block for polymers; only made by producers | | 28 |
| 8038640748 | adhesion | attraction between different kinds of molecules; Water molecules sticking to other surfaces. | | 29 |
| 8038640749 | surface tension | measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid |  | 30 |
| 8038640750 | van der Waals interactions | tertiary structure; weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from localized charge fluctuations |  | 31 |
| 8038640751 | disulfide bridge | tertiary structure; strong covalent bond formed when one sulfur of one cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another |  | 32 |
| 8038640752 | hydrocarbon | organic molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon |  | 33 |
| 8038640753 | glycosodic linkage | covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration synthesis reaction |  | 34 |
| 8038640754 | nucleotide | building block of a nucleic acid; five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogen base and a phosphate group |  | 35 |
| 8038640755 | hydroxyl | hydrogen bonded to oxygen bonded to an organic molecule's carbon skeleton; alcohol; polar |  | 36 |
| 8038640756 | carboxyl | oxygen double bonded to a carbon atom that is bonded to a hydroxyl group |  | 37 |
| 8038640757 | amine | nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and to the carbon skeleton |  | 38 |
| 8038640758 | sulfhydryl | sulfur bonded to hydrogen in roughly the shape of a hydroxyl; cysteine |  | 39 |
| 8038640759 | phosphate | phosphorous bonded to four oxygens; found in phospholipids and nucleotides |  | 40 |
| 8038640760 | carbohydrate | Large organic molecule made of monosaccharides; 1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body |  | 41 |
| 8038640761 | lipid | non polar macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes |  | 42 |
| 8038640762 | protein | Large organic molecule made of amino acids; includes carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. |  | 43 |
| 8038640763 | nucleic acid | Large macromolecule made of nucleotides containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus; the genetic material of organisms |  | 44 |
