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| 5161783338 | Polarity | unequal sharing of electrons due to one atom having a greater electronegativity than the other, such as in water(h2o) |  | 0 |
| 5161796395 | Hydrogen Bond (weakest) | Form between the positively charged hydrogen atom of one molecule and the strongly electronegatively charged oxygen of nitrogen of another molecule. |  | 1 |
| 5161881584 | Monomer | Small sub units strung together molecules |  | 2 |
| 5161883453 | Polymer | Made up from many smaller sub-units, chemically joined together. | | 3 |
| 5161785246 | Covalent Bond | Strongest Shared valence electrons form molecules may be polar or nonpolar usually between two or more nonmetals |  | 4 |
| 5161797972 | Oligosaccharide | Carbohydrate polymers/molecules comprised of three to ten small and simple sugars/monosaccharides |  | 5 |
| 5161881585 | Hydrolysis | Polymers are broken down to monomers with water breaking down the bonds holding molecules together. Opposite of dehydration synthesis |  | 6 |
| 5161906533 | Dehydration Synthesis (condensation) | When bringing two or more molecules together there is a loss of water |  | 7 |
| 5161785247 | Organic | Chemical compounds containing carbon that are found in living things | 8 | |
| 5161797973 | Inorganic | Made of other elements besides carbon or hydrogen | 9 | |
| 5161883452 | Polysaccharide | A complex carbohydrate composed of a long chain of small monosaccharides |  | 10 |
| 5161917542 | Carbohydrate | CHO in ratio of 1:2:1 Functions: energy, raw materials, energy storage, structural materials Monomer: monosaccharide Polymer: polysaccharides |  | 11 |
| 5161787653 | Monosaccharide | Simplest form of a carbohydrate A simple sugar |  | 12 |
| 5161797974 | Disaccharide | Combines 2 monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis |  | 13 |
| 5161928310 | Saturated Fat | DOES NOT have double bonds and has as many hydrogen atoms as it can C saturated with H |  | 14 |
| 5161946690 | Unsaturated Fat | DOES have double bonds of C (covalent bonds) |  | 15 |
| 5161787654 | Triglyceride | Made up of: Glycerol and 3 fatty acids |  | 16 |
| 5161949416 | Steriod | It is a lipid Hydrophobic and insoluble |  | 17 |
| 5161955546 | Amino Acid | Building block for proteins length and order of amino acids will give structure of protein 20 known amino acids |  | 18 |
| 5161951801 | Hydrophilic | "water loving" soluble in water ionic compounds, polar molecules( like sugars) some proteins |  | 19 |
| 5161791022 | Phospholipid | It is a lipid main lipid in cell membranes Composed of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group and a polar molecule |  | 20 |
| 5161799915 | Hydrophobic | "water fearing" insoluble in water nonpolar componds (like oils) | | 21 |
| 5161963281 | Peptide Bond | Formed through dehydration synthesis Linking NH^2 of one amino acid to COOH of another C-N bond can grow only in duration of COOH (carboxyl group) primary linkage in all protein structures |  | 22 |
| 5161967353 | Polar Amino Acid | Charged and are hydroPHILIC |  | 23 |
| 5161794348 | Nonpolar Amino Acid | nonpolar and hydroPHOBIC | | 24 |
| 5161791023 | Polypeptide | Chain of amino acids. Amino acids bond together with peptide bonds | 25 | |
| 5161799916 | Protein | CHON Most structurally and functionally diverse group of biomolecules composed of amino acids joined through peptide bonds used to accomplish all life functions | 26 | |
| 5161803070 | Primary Structure | By changing one thing in this step it will affect everything else ordering of the amino acids in a chain sequences determined by gene. By changing the order of amino acids you change its form and function | 27 | |
| 5161971747 | Secondary Structure | Folding of atoms caused bc H is bonding between atoms in the C-N alpha helix developed beta helix developed | 28 | |
| 5161975457 | Tertiary Structure | Final geometric shape protein develops and sticks "whole molecule is unfolding" bonding between R groups anchored by disulfide bridges | 29 | |
| 5161794349 | Quaternary Structure | (putting polypeptides together) more than one polypeptide chain joined together only "optional" level of structure | 30 | |
| 5161983075 | Nucleotide | One of the building blocks for DNA and RNA Contains : base, sugar, and one phosphoric acid | 31 | |
| 5161991715 | DNA | macromolecule = nucleic acid. It is shaped like a twisted double helix and is composed of long strands of alternating sugars and phosphate groups, along with nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine) | 32 | |
| 5161881583 | Denaturing | Molecule ( protein or a nucleic acid) where its chemical structure is altered through chemical or physical means so that some of its original properties are lost or diminished. | 33 | |
| 5161796394 | RNA | macromolecule= nucleic acid. Transfers info from DNA to protein- system of the cell. transferring information from DNA to protein-forming system of the cell. | 34 | |
| 5162009923 | How do carbon skeletons vary, and explain how this variation contributes to the diversity and complexity of organic molecules | Covalent bonds link carbon atoms together in long chains that form the skeletal framework for organic molecules. These carbon skeletons may vary in: -Length -Shape -Number and Location of double bonds -Other elements covalently bonded to available site | 35 | |
| 5162015301 | Explain how the letters of the alphabet are similar to monomers of a polymer | Because just like the alphabet they are limited to a certain amount of monomers. But the length and order they're placed in allows for 1000s of combos | 36 | |
| 5162017585 | Explain why the shape of a molecule is critical to determining its function | The size and shape determines its function. Determines how bio molecules recognize and respond to one another | 37 | |
| 5162023187 | Draw an example of two monomers forming a polymer through dehydration synthesis (condensation) | Monomers join together and water exits the system as a product | 38 | |
| 5162029733 | Explain the phrase "you are what you eat" in the context of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis | If you eat carbohydrates you get energetic for a short amount of time. If you eat fats you will gain more insulation thus will have a better chance to survive the winter. High energy foods, like donuts with a lot of sugar, give you quick bursts of energy and your energy level will show. | 39 | |
| 5162036266 | Create a graphic organizer that illustrates the structural and functional differences between the four types of carbohydrates | on separate paper | 40 | |
| 5162049280 | Identify a. bio process produces carbo such as glucose, fructose, and cellulose b. where this process occurs and in what types of organisms | Photosynthesis produces carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, and cellulose to feed itself. This process occurs in plants, more specifically in its chloroplasts. | 41 | |
| 5162054243 | Explain how the structure of complex carbo such as starch makes them suited for energy storage. | Theyre suited for it because they are more complex and harder to break down. Thus these molecules are stored when needed and wont be broken down unless necessary. | 42 | |
| 5162059314 | Describe the hydrocarbon tail of a fatty acid. Explain why hydrocarbons are excellent sources of energy. | The hydrocarbon tail is a hydrogen attached to C:C:C. the bond between hydrogen and carbon is really strong; it is a hydrogen bond. The head is hydrophobic and the tail is hydrophilic It's good because it makes a strong bond to not allow anything to exit the membranes of living organisms. | 43 | |
| 5162071468 | Sketch saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid, side by side. Explain how their respective structures influence their behavior in living cells | On separate page | 44 | |
| 5162075365 | Explain why structure of phospholipid is ideal for the construction of cell membranes | The head of it is hydrophobic to not allow any water or soluble liquid to enter it and it protects the interior of the cell. The inside, the tails, are hydrophilic in order to allow the cell plasm to be able to travel on the inside. It is ideal to protect the cell from harmful things on the outside and the inside is easily accessible. | 45 | |
| 5162089116 | Describe how cholesterol works with phopholipids to maintain cell membrane structure at extremes of temp | Cholesterol has strong bonds w phospholipids. Cholesterol is a lipid and a lipid serves as insulation for a living organism. Since the phospholipid bilayer is rigid | 46 | |
| 5162093199 | Friend cuts all fat from diet. How would this be detrimental to health? | Fat is necessary for insulation, energy storage, and and makes up the cell membrane. So cutting this out of your diet would be costly to your health. | 47 | |
| 5162102935 | Draw structure of an amino acid. Explain how changing R group changes properties of amino acid. | On separate paper | 48 | |
| 5162106297 | Identify a. bio process that produces proteins b. where does this process occurs and in what types of organisms | The process is translation It occurs in the ribosomes | 49 | |
| 5162212348 | Create cartoon illustrates differences between the four levels of protein structure | 1. Amino acid in a sequence, like a chain 2. Alpha helix or beta sheet, folding caused by H bond 3. Final folding, where it gets it shape. Can see disulfide bonds if it has sulfur. 4. Puts together any additional proteins | 50 | |
| 5162134892 | Explain how scientists think that DNA evolved from RNA and describe the bonds that hold the DNA molecule together | RNA is the simple version of DNA and has almost similar functions DNA molecules are held together through hydrogen bonds | 51 | |
| 5162119353 | Explain how environment surrounding a protein influences its shape and structure | The environment shapes and molds the structure to fit the needs that it requires. The environment could be stressful and cause a different number of steroids to form to keep the protein in homeostasis | 52 | |
| 5162121184 | Explain roles of DNA and RNA in making proteins | DNA has the instructions on how to make the protein. RNA transcribes the protein and ribosomal RNA makes the protein. | 53 | |
| 5162125651 | Describe similarities between ATP and nucleotides in DNA/RNA | Both contain ribose bonded to adenine and a phosphate group They're both organic molecules and are part or nucleic acids | 54 |
