Terms : Hide Images
| 6530487622 | Apex | Bottom, pointed region of the heart; points to the left hip |  | 0 |
| 6530487623 | Base | Top, broad region of the hear; points to the right shoulder | | 1 |
| 6530487624 | Pericardium | Double layered membrane surrounding the heart | 2 | |
| 6530487625 | Visceral pericardium | Membrane that lies on the heart | 3 | |
| 6530487626 | Parietal pericardium | Membrane that lines the region of the thoracic cavity that the heart is in (called he mediastinum) | 4 | |
| 6530487627 | Epicardium | The thin serous membrane comprising the outer surface of the heart (the epicardium is the same structure also called the visceral pericardium) | 5 | |
| 6530487628 | Myocardium | Thick middle layer comprised of cardiac muscle tissue; pumps | 6 | |
| 6530487629 | Endocardium | Smooth inner surface of the heart chambers; reduces friction for smooth flow | 7 | |
| 6530487630 | Septum | Wall on the interior of the heart that separates the right and left sides. | 8 | |
| 6530487631 | Chambers | Hollow areas of the heart | 9 | |
| 6530487632 | Right atrium | receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava (from the body); small; not very muscular, because it simply holds blood | 10 | |
| 6530487633 | Right ventricle | receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium; muscular to pump blood to the lungs | 11 | |
| 6530487634 | Left Atrium | received oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins (from the lungs); small; not very muscular, because it simply holds blood | 12 | |
| 6530487635 | Left ventricle | receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium; very muscular to pump blood to the body | 13 | |
| 6530487636 | Chordae tendineae | The heart strings; anchor the valve flaps | 14 | |
| 6530487637 | Valves | Prevent backflow | 15 | |
| 6530487638 | Right atrioventricular valve (Tricuspid) | has 3 flaps; empties the right atrium into the right ventricle | 16 | |
| 6530487639 | Left atrioventricular valve (Bicuspid; mitral valve) | has 2 flaps; empties the left atrium into the left ventricle | 17 | |
| 6530487640 | Right semilunar valve (Pulmonary semilumar valve) | 3 flaps; allows the blood to pass from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery | 18 | |
| 6530487641 | Left semilunar valve (aortic semilunar valve) | 3 flaps; allows blood to pass from the left ventricle to the aorta | 19 | |
| 6530487642 | Vessels | Transport blood throughout the body | 20 | |
| 6530487643 | Veins | Carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart (*exception the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart) | 21 | |
| 6530487644 | Arteries | Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body (*exceptionthe pulmonary artery carries blood to the lungs from the heart) | 22 | |
| 6530487645 | Capillaries | Where gas exchange takes place; connects arteries to veins | 23 | |
| 6530487646 | Venule | Smallest vein | 24 | |
| 6530487647 | Arteriole | Smallest artery | 25 | |
| 6530487648 | Vena cava | Largest vein | 26 | |
| 6530487649 | Aorta | Largest Artery | 27 | |
| 6530487650 | Tunica intima | Innermost layer; membranous and smooth to reduce friction of the blood (only layer found in capillaries) | 28 | |
| 6530487651 | Tunica media | Middle layer; muscular to contract or dilate | 29 | |
| 6530487652 | Tunica externa | Outermost layer; fibrous to support | 30 | |
| 6530487653 | Blood flows from the aorta to the | Arteries | 31 | |
| 6530487654 | Blood flows from the Arteries to the | Arterioles | 32 | |
| 6530487655 | Blood flows from the Arterioles to the | Capillaries of the body | 33 | |
| 6530487656 | Blood flows from the capillaries of the body to the | Venules | 34 | |
| 6530487657 | Blood flows from the Venules to the | Veins | 35 | |
| 6530487658 | Blood flows from the Veins to the | Vena Cava | 36 | |
| 6530487659 | Blood flows from the Vena Cava to the | Right atrium | 37 | |
| 6530487660 | Blood flows from the Right atrium to the | Tricuspid | 38 | |
| 6530487661 | Blood flows from the Tricuspid to the | Right ventricle | 39 | |
| 6530487662 | Blood flows from the Right ventricle to the | Pulmonary semilunar valve | 40 | |
| 6530487663 | Blood flows from the Pulmonary semilunar valve to the | Pulmonary artery | 41 | |
| 6530487664 | Blood flows from the pulmonary artery to the | Capillaries of the lungs | 42 | |
| 6530487665 | Blood flows from the capillaries of the lungs to the | Pulmonary veins | 43 | |
| 6530487666 | Blood flows from the pulmonary veins to the | Left atrium | 44 | |
| 6530487667 | Blood flows from the left atrium to the | Bicuspid | 45 | |
| 6530487668 | Blood flows from the bicuspid to the | Left ventricle | 46 | |
| 6530487669 | Blood flows from the left ventricle to the | Aortic semilunar valve | 47 | |
| 6530487670 | Blood flows from the aortic semilunar valve to the | Aorta | 48 | |
| 6530487671 | Lubb | Is from the AV valves closing; it is a longer and louder sound | 49 | |
| 6530487672 | Dupp | Is from the SL valves closing; it is a shorter and softer sound | 50 | |
| 6530487673 | Sphygmomanometer | Measures blood pressure | 51 | |
| 6530487674 | Intrinsic Conduction System | Controls the pumping of the heart in conjunction with the autonomic nervous system | 52 | |
| 6530487675 | Sinoatrial node (SA node) | The pacemaker; jumps starts the impulse that makes the heart beat; located on the right atrium | 53 | |
| 6530487676 | Atrioventricular node (AV node) | Between the right atrium and right ventricle | 54 | |
| 6530487677 | Bundle of His | Leaves the AV node and lead to the septum | 55 | |
| 6530487678 | Bundle branches | Divisions of the Bundle of His that travel down the septum of the heart | 56 | |
| 6530487679 | Purkinje fibers | Smaller divisions that travel throughout the heart | 57 | |
| 6530487680 | The heart muscle contracts from the bottom up | As the impulse leaves the purkinje fibers __________________________________________ | 58 | |
| 6530487681 | Fetal Ciculation | In the umbilical cord between the mom and the baby , there is one large umbilical vein and two small umbilical arteries. The vein carries nutrient rich blood and oxygen to the baby and the arteries carry wastes and carbon dioxide from the baby. | 59 | |
| 6530487682 | Pulse | The expansion and recoil of the arteries with each beat of the left ventricle; average adult is 70-76 beats per minute at rest | 60 | |
| 6530487683 | Common pulse points | common pulse points: temporal artery: in the temple on the side of the head carotid artery: in the neck brachial artery: in the upper arm femoral artery: in the upper leg popliteal artery: behind the knee | 61 | |
| 6530487684 | Blood Pressure | Pressure exerted by the blood on the inner wall of the vessel; it is highest in the aorta and lowest in the vena cava; this is why cut arteries spurt blood and cut veins flow | 62 | |
| 6530487685 | Systolic pressure | Is from the ventricles contracting | 63 | |
| 6530487686 | Diastolic pressure | Is from the ventricles relaxing | 64 | |
| 6530487687 | Average blood pressure | 120/80 (top # is systole; bottom # is diastole) | 65 | |
| 6530487688 | Factors that affect blood pressure | • friction in the vessels (from plaque build up) • age • weight • exercise/activity • emotions • diet • body temperature • drugs | 66 | |
| 6530487689 | Hypotension | Low blood pressure; systolic below 100 | 67 | |
| 6530487690 | Hypertension | High blood pressure; systolic above 140 | 68 | |
| 6530487691 | Vasodilator | Alcohol is an example | 69 | |
| 6530487692 | Vasoconstrictors | Nicotine and caffeine are examples | 70 | |
| 6530487693 | Atherosclerosis | Narrowing of the arteries on the inside, due to deposits on the inner walls (early arteriosclerosis) | 71 | |
| 6530487694 | Arteriosclerosis | Reduced elasticity of the arteries; hardening of the arteries | 72 | |
| 6530487695 | Aneurysm | Ballooning of a vessel; can rupture and cause death | 73 | |
| 6530487696 | Varicose Veins | Weakening of the valves in a vein causing backflow and blood pooling; causes sagging of the vessel and weakening of the vessel wall | 74 | |
| 6530487697 | Fibrillation | Rapid shaking of the heart muscle, that makes it useless as a pump; can lead to heart attack | 75 | |
| 6530487698 | Tachycardia | Rapid heart rate (usually more than 100 beats per minute); symptoms include sweating, palpitations, chest pain | 76 | |
| 6530487699 | Bradycardia | Slow heart rate (usually less than 60 beats per minute); symptoms include dizziness, tired, short of breath | 77 | |
| 6530487700 | Angina | pain from the myocardium being deprived of oxygen | 78 | |
| 6530487701 | Myocardial infarction | heart attack; death of heart cells from severe angina | 79 | |
| 6530487702 | Congestive heart failure | Heart gets worn out from: old age; hypertension; arteriosclerosis; heart attack | 80 |
