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AP Biology - Cell Cycle Flashcards

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4938214667G1 PhasePrimary growth phase of the cell0
4938214668S PhasePhase where genome is replicated1
4938214669G2 PhasePreparation made for separation of genomes; organelles replicate, chromosomes condense, microtubules assemble2
4938214670InterphaseCollective name for G1, S, and G2 Phases3
4938214671Mitosis (M)Phase where microtubules pull sister chromatids apart4
4938214672Cytokinesis (C)Cytoplasm divides; forms 2 daughter cells5
4938214673Sister ChromatidsThe two identical copies formed by the replication of a single chromosome, joined by centromere6
4938214674CentromereLinks sister chromatids7
4938214675KinetochoreProtein disk bound to specific DNA sequence at centromere8
4938214676Mitotic PhaseIncludes both mitosis and cytokinesis9
4938214677Mitotic SpindleConsists of fibers made of microtubules and associated proteins10
4938214678CentrosomeSubcellular region containing material that functions through the cell cycle to organize the cell's microtubules11
4938214679ProphaseChromatin fibers condense into chromosomes, mitotic spindle begins to form, centromeres move away from each other12
4938214680PrometaphaseNuclear envelope fragments, Each of the two chromatids now has kinetochore, some microtubules attach to kinetochores13
4938214681MetaphaseCentrosomes at opposite poles of the cell, Chromosomes convene at metaphase plate14
4938214682AnaphaseBeginning when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes have arrived at each of the two poles of the cell15
4938214683TelophaseTwo daughter nuclei form in the cell, nuclear envelope forms16
4938214684G1 CheckpointMost important checkpoint; if cell receives go-ahead signal, the the cell continues with the cell; in the absence of the go-ahead signal, cell exits the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase17
4938214685M CheckpointCell in mitosis receives a stop signal when any of its chromosomes are not attached to spindle fibers18

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