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AP Biology: Cell Cycle Flashcards

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6733544149G1 PhasePrimary growth phase of the cell0
6733544150S PhasePhase where genome is replicated1
6733544151G2 PhasePreparation made for separation of genomes; organelles replicate, chromosomes condense, microtubules assemble2
6733544152InterphaseCollective name for G1, S, and G2 Phases3
6733544153Mitosis (M)Phase where microtubules pull sister chromatids apart4
6733544154Cytokinesis (C)Cytoplasm divides; forms 2 daughter cells5
6733544155Sister ChromatidsThe two identical copies formed by the replication of a single chromosome, joined by centromere6
6733544156CentromereLinks sister chromatids7
6733544157KinetochoreProtein disk bound to specific DNA sequence at centromere8
6733544158Mitotic PhaseIncludes both mitosis and cytokinesis9
6733544159Mitotic SpindleConsists of fibers made of microtubules and associated proteins10
6733544160CentrosomeSubcellular region containing material that functions through the cell cycle to organize the cell's microtubules11
6733544161ProphaseChromatin fibers condense into chromosomes, mitotic spindle begins to form, centromeres move away from each other12
6733544162PrometaphaseNuclear envelope fragments, Each of the two chromatids now has kinetochore, some microtubules attach to kinetochores13
6733544163MetaphaseCentrosomes at opposite poles of the cell, Chromosomes convene at metaphase plate14
6733544164AnaphaseBeginning when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes have arrived at each of the two poles of the cell15
6733544165TelophaseTwo daughter nuclei form in the cell, nuclear envelope forms16
6733544166G1 CheckpointMost important checkpoint; if cell receives go-ahead signal, the the cell continues with the cell; in the absence of the go-ahead signal, cell exits the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase17
6733544167M CheckpointCell in mitosis receives a stop signal when any of its chromosomes are not attached to spindle fibers18
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