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AP Biology - Cell Cycle Flashcards

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5459445476G1 PhasePrimary growth phase of the cell0
5459445477S PhasePhase where genome is replicated1
5459445478G2 PhasePreparation made for separation of genomes; organelles replicate, chromosomes condense, microtubules assemble2
5459445479InterphaseCollective name for G1, S, and G2 Phases3
5459445480Anaphase (A)Phase where microtubules pull sister chromatids apart4
5459445481Cytokinesis (C)Cytoplasm divides; forms 2 daughter cells5
5459445482Sister ChromatidsThe two identical copies formed by the replication of a single chromosome, joined by centromere6
5459445483CentromereLinks sister chromatids7
5459445484KinetochoreProtein disk bound to specific DNA sequence at centromere8
5459445485Mitotic PhaseIncludes both mitosis and cytokinesis9
5459445486Mitotic SpindleConsists of fibers made of microtubules and associated proteins10
5459445487CentrosomeSubcellular region containing material that functions through the cell cycle to organize the cell's microtubules11
5459445488ProphaseChromatin fibers condense into chromosomes, mitotic spindle begins to form, centromeres move away from each other12
5459445489PrometaphaseNuclear envelope fragments, Each of the two chromatids now has kinetochore, some microtubules attach to kinetochores13
5459445490MetaphaseCentrosomes at opposite poles of the cell, Chromosomes convene at metaphase plate14
5459445491AnaphaseBeginning when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes have arrived at each of the two poles of the cell15
5459445492TelophaseTwo daughter nuclei form in the cell, nuclear envelope forms16
5459445493G1 CheckpointMost important checkpoint; if cell receives go-ahead signal, the the cell continues with the cell; in the absence of the go-ahead signal, cell exits the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase17
5459445494M CheckpointCell in mitosis receives a stop signal when any of its chromosomes are not attached to spindle fibers18

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