Cell membrane structure and functions
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| 7429497511 | Selective Permeability | Allows some substances to cross more easily than others | 0 | |
| 7429497512 | Amphipathic | molecule that has both a hydrophillic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid |  | 1 |
| 7429497513 | phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma membranes |  | 2 |
| 7429497514 | Integral Proteins | Proteins that extend through the phospholipid bilayer. |  | 3 |
| 7429497515 | Peripheral Proteins | A protein loosely attached to the surface of a membrane | | 4 |
| 7429497516 | Glycoproteins | proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them | 5 | |
| 7429497517 | cholesterol | steroid present in the plasma membranes of animal cells. A large amount of this in a phospholipid bilayer at High Temperatures reduces membrane fluidity, but at Lower Temperature prevents the membrane from solidifying. |  | 6 |
| 7429497518 | Concentration Gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a space | 7 | |
| 7429497519 | Diffusion | the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, so that they spread out evenly reaching equilibrium |  | 8 |
| 7429497520 | Osmosis | The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | 9 | |
| 7429497521 | Transport Proteins | proteins that help to transport substances across cell membranes |  | 10 |
| 7429497522 | Aquaporins | Channel proteins that help massive amount of water pass through the membrane; a lot in our kidneys | 11 | |
| 7429497523 | Passive Transport | movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy | 12 | |
| 7429497524 | Isotonic | a solution whose solute concentration equals that inside a cell; the cell will not change |  | 13 |
| 7429497525 | Hypertonic | the solution with the greater concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; the cell will lose water to its environment--> Cell will shrivel up |  | 14 |
| 7429497526 | Hypotonic | the solution with the lower concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; water will enter the cell -> Cell will swell and burst |  | 15 |
| 7429497527 | Osmoregulation | The control of water balance | 16 | |
| 7429497528 | Turgid | Very firm (healthy state), especially for plant cells | 17 | |
| 7429497529 | Plasmolysis | As a plant cell shrivels its plasma membrane pulls away from the wall |  | 18 |
| 7429497530 | Facilitated Diffusion | passive transport of ions or polar molecules across a plasma membrane by transport proteins | | 19 |
| 7429497531 | Active Transport | transport of a substance through a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires energy |  | 20 |
| 7429497532 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell |  | 21 |
| 7429497533 | Exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material by vesicles |  | 22 |
| 7429497534 | Endocytosis | the movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle | 23 | |
| 7429497535 | Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis in which microbes are taken in by immune cells of animals (mainly by macrophages) |  | 24 |
| 7429497536 | Pinocytosis | cellular drinking |  | 25 |
| 7429497537 | Receptor-mediated endocytosis | Taking in large amount of specific substances by binding to receptors, which form vesicles and are then taken in by the cell |  | 26 |
| 7429497538 | osmotic pressure | The force required to resist the movement of water by osmosis. Osmotic pressure is a measure of the concentration of a solution. A solution that is highly concentrated has a strong tendency to draw water into itself, so the pressure required to resist that movement would be high. Thus, highly concentrated solutions are said to have high osmotic pressures. | 27 |
