Cell membrane structure and functions
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| 7871415616 | Selective Permeability | Allows some substances to cross more easily than others | 0 | |
| 7871415617 | phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma membranes |  | 1 |
| 7871415618 | Integral Proteins | Proteins that extend through the phospholipid bilayer. |  | 2 |
| 7871415619 | Peripheral Proteins | A protein loosely attached to the surface of a membrane | | 3 |
| 7871415620 | Glycoproteins | proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them | 4 | |
| 7871415621 | cholesterol | steroid present in the plasma membranes of animal cells. A large amount of this in a phospholipid bilayer at High Temperatures reduces membrane fluidity, but at Lower Temperature prevents the membrane from solidifying. |  | 5 |
| 7871415622 | Concentration Gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a space | 6 | |
| 7871415623 | Diffusion | the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, so that they spread out evenly reaching equilibrium |  | 7 |
| 7871415624 | Osmosis | The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | 8 | |
| 7871415625 | Transport Proteins | proteins that help to transport substances across cell membranes |  | 9 |
| 7871415626 | Aquaporins | Channel proteins that help massive amount of water pass through the membrane; a lot in our kidneys | 10 | |
| 7871415627 | Passive Transport | movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy | 11 | |
| 7871415628 | Isotonic | a solution whose solute concentration equals that inside a cell; the cell will not change |  | 12 |
| 7871415629 | Hypertonic | the solution with the greater concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; the cell will lose water to its environment--> Cell will shrivel up |  | 13 |
| 7871415630 | Hypotonic | the solution with the lower concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; water will enter the cell -> Cell will swell and burst |  | 14 |
| 7871415631 | Osmoregulation | The control of water balance | 15 | |
| 7871415632 | Turgid | Very firm (healthy state), especially for plant cells | 16 | |
| 7871415633 | Plasmolysis | As a plant cell shrivels its plasma membrane pulls away from the wall |  | 17 |
| 7871415634 | Facilitated Diffusion | passive transport of ions or polar molecules across a plasma membrane by transport proteins | | 18 |
| 7871415635 | Active Transport | transport of a substance through a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires energy |  | 19 |
| 7871415636 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell |  | 20 |
| 7871415637 | Exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material by vesicles |  | 21 |
| 7871415638 | Endocytosis | the movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle | 22 | |
| 7871415639 | Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis in which microbes are taken in by immune cells of animals (mainly by macrophages) |  | 23 |
| 7871415640 | Pinocytosis | cellular drinking |  | 24 |
| 7871415641 | Receptor-mediated endocytosis | Taking in large amount of specific substances by binding to receptors, which form vesicles and are then taken in by the cell |  | 25 |
| 7871415642 | osmotic pressure | The force required to resist the movement of water by osmosis. Osmotic pressure is a measure of the concentration of a solution. A solution that is highly concentrated has a strong tendency to draw water into itself, so the pressure required to resist that movement would be high. Thus, highly concentrated solutions are said to have high osmotic pressures. | 26 |
