Covers general terms for cellular transport for AP Biology.
Terms : Hide Images
| 8038333248 | Selectively Permeable | a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot |  | 0 |
| 8038333249 | Phospholipid Bilayer | double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes |  | 1 |
| 8038333250 | Integral Proteins | penetrate the hydrophobic core and often span the membrane |  | 2 |
| 8038333251 | Peripheral Proteins | Bound to the inner or outer surfaces of the membrane and are easily separated from it. |  | 3 |
| 8038333252 | Glycoproteins | proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them |  | 4 |
| 8038333253 | Glycolipids | lipid that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them |  | 5 |
| 8038333254 | Passive Transport | transport that does not require the cell to expend energy (high to low concentration) |  | 6 |
| 8038333255 | Active Transport | energy-requiring process where a substance moves against the concentration gradient (low to high concentration) |  | 7 |
| 8038333256 | Diffusion | net movement of a substance down a concentration gradient (high to low) |  | 8 |
| 8038333257 | Facilitated Diffusion | diffusion of solutes across a membrane, with the help of transport proteins |  | 9 |
| 8038333258 | Osmosis | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |  | 10 |
| 8038333259 | Hypertonic | solute concentration is greater than inside the cell, cell loses water; plant cells plasmolyze, animal cells crenate |  | 11 |
| 8038333260 | Hypotonic | solute concentrations in less than inside the cell, cell gains water; animal cells lyse, plant cells have ideal turgor pressure |  | 12 |
| 8038333261 | Isotonic | solute concentrations are the same on both sides of the membrane, cell does not gain or lose water; ideal condition for animal cells |  | 13 |
| 8038333262 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | actively pumps Na+ ions out and K+ ions in, 3 Na leave for every 2 K that enter |  | 14 |
| 8038333263 | Proton Pump | pumps (H+ ions) out of the cell, creating a proton gradient, protons diffuse back into the cell, which powers ATP production |  | 15 |
| 8038333264 | Exocytosis | exporting macromolecules by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane |  | 16 |
| 8038333265 | Endocytosis | importing macromolecules by forming vesicles derived from plasma membrane |  | 17 |
| 8038333266 | Phagocytosis | part of the cell membrane engulfs large particles or entire cells (cell eating) |  | 18 |
| 8038333267 | Pinocytosis | part of the cell membrane engulfs small dissolved substances or fluid droplets in vesicles (cell drinking) |  | 19 |
| 8038333268 | Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis | importing of specific macromolecules by receptor proteins bind to a specific substance which triggers the inward budding of vesicles formed from coated pits |  | 20 |
| 8038333269 | Ligands | molecule that binds to the specific receptor site on another molecule |  | 21 |
| 8038333270 | Fluid Mosaic Model | states that the membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various proteins embedded in it | 22 | |
| 8038333271 | Transport Proteins | allow passage of hydrophilic substances across the membrane |  | 23 |
| 8038333272 | Concentration Gradient | a difference in concentration across a distance |  | 24 |
| 8038333273 | Turgor Pressure | the pressure that is exerted on the inside of cell walls, caused by the movement of water into the cell |  | 25 |
| 8038333274 | Aquaporins | facilitates the passage of water into a cell |  | 26 |
| 8038333275 | plasmolysis | As a plant cell loses water, it shrivels, and its plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall |  | 27 |
| 8038333276 | cholesterol | A large, ring shaped lipid found in cell membranes. Its presence helps to maintain flexibility and fluidity in the membrane. |  | 28 |
| 8038333278 | water potential | a measurement that combines the effects of solute concentration and pressure to predict the direction water will flow |  | 29 |
| 8038333279 | solute potential | -iCRT, component of water potential which is proportional to its molarity |  | 30 |
| 8038333280 | pressure potential | component of water potential which is the physical pressure on a solution |  | 31 |
