Questions come from this chapter's AP Biology Reading Guide by Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw (cards 1-8) and from the Campbell Biology 9th AP Edition textbook (cards 9-13).
The "front" side has the questions, and the "back" side has the answers.
Terms : Hide Images
| 1150302466 | What activates a G protein? | GTP | |
| 1150302467 | In what body system are ligand-gated ion channels and voltage-gated ion channels of particular importance? | Nervous system | |
| 1150302468 | What are two benefits of multistep pathways? | Provide more opportunities for coordination and regulation during transduction | |
| 1150302469 | How might a cellular response be inhibited? | The activation of an inhibitory G protein | |
| 1150302470 | List two types of pathways often induced by calcium ions | G protein; Receptor tyrosine kinase | |
| 1150302471 | When cell signaling causes a response in the cytoplasm, what normally happens? | Affect protein function | |
| 1150302472 | Give an example of when the signal for apoptosis comes from outside the cell. (two-part including mitochondria) | Death-signaling ligand occupies a cell-surface receptor, leading to activation of capases and other enzymes; then, mitochondrial proteins are triggered to form molecular pores in the mitochondrial outer membrane, causing it to leak and release other proteins that promote apoptosis | |
| 1150302473 | Give two examples of when the signal for apoptosis comes from inside the cell. | Signal generated from the nucleus when the DNA has suffered irreparable damage; Signal generated from ER when excessive protein misfolding occurs | |
| 1150302474 | Phospohorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because: they are species specific; they always lead to the same cellular response; they amplify the original signal manyfold; they counter the harmful effects of phosphatases. | They amplify the original signal manyfold | |
| 1150302475 | Binding of a signaling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of ions on opposite sides of the membrane? | Ligand-gated ion channel | |
| 1150302476 | The activation of receptor tyrosine kinases is characterized by: dimerization and phoosphorylation; dimerization and IP3 binding; a phophorylation cascade; GTP hydrolysis; channel protein shape change | Dimerization and phosphorylation | |
| 1150302477 | Apoptosis involves all but which of the following? fragmentation of the DNA; cell-signaling pathways; activation of cellular enzymes; lysis of the cell; digestion of cellular contents by scavenger cells | Lysis of the cell | |
| 1150302478 | Protein phosphorylation is commonly involved with all of the following except: regulation of transcription by extracellular signaling molecules; enzyme activation; activation of G protein-couple receptors; activation of receptor tyrosine kinases; activation of protein kinase molecules. | Activation of G protein-coupled receptors |
