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| 8242761537 | anaphase | fourth stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell |  | 0 |
| 8242761538 | anchorage dependence | the requirement that to divide, a cell must be attached to the substratum |  | 1 |
| 8242761539 | benign tumor | a mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin | 2 | |
| 8242761540 | binary fission | the type of cell division by which prokaryotes reproduce; each dividing daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome |  | 3 |
| 8242761541 | cell cycle | an ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell, from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two; composed of M, G1, S, G2 |  | 4 |
| 8242761542 | cell cycle control system | a cyclically operating set of molecules in the cell that triggers and coordinates key events in the cell cycle |  | 5 |
| 8242761543 | cell division | reproduction of a cell | 6 | |
| 8242761544 | cell plate | a double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell, between which the new cell wall form during cytokinesis | 7 | |
| 8242761545 | centromere | the centralized region joining two chromatids |  | 8 |
| 8242761546 | centrosome | material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells, important during cell division; the microtubule organizing center |  | 9 |
| 8242761547 | checkpoint | a critical control point in the cell cycle where stop and go-ahead signals regulate the cycle |  | 10 |
| 8242761548 | chromatin | complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome; when a cell is not diving chromatin exists as a mass of very long, thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope |  | 11 |
| 8242761549 | chromosome | a threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus; each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins | 12 | |
| 8242761550 | cleavage furrow | the first sign of cleavage in an animal cell;a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate |  | 13 |
| 8242761551 | cyclin | a regulatory protein whose concentration fluctuates cyclically |  | 14 |
| 8242761552 | cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately following mitosis |  | 15 |
| 8242761553 | density-dependent inhibition | the phenomenon observed in normal animal cells that causes them to stop dividing when they come into contact with one another |  | 16 |
| 8242761554 | G0 phase | a nondividing state in which a cell has left the cell cycle |  | 17 |
| 8242761555 | G1 phase | The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins. | 18 | |
| 8242761556 | G2 phase | the second growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occur | 19 | |
| 8242761557 | gamete | a haploid cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to form a diploid cell |  | 20 |
| 8242761558 | genome | the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism. |  | 21 |
| 8242761559 | interphase | the period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. During interphase, cellular metabolic activity is high, chromosomes and organelles are duplicated, and cell size may increase. 90% of the cell cycle |  | 22 |
| 8242761560 | M phase | mitotic phase; the phase of the cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokinesis | 23 | |
| 8242761561 | malignant tumor | a cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair the functions of one or more organs | 24 | |
| 8242761562 | metaphase | the third stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and the chromosomes, attached to the microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metaphase plate |  | 25 |
| 8242761563 | metastasis | the spread of cancer cells to locations distant from their original site |  | 26 |
| 8242761564 | mitosis | a process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into 5 stages; prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis conserves chromosome number by equally allocating replicated chromosomes to each of the daughter nuclei |  | 27 |
| 8242761565 | mitotic (M) phase | the phase of the cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokinesis | 28 | |
| 8242761566 | mitotic spindle | an assemblage of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movements of chromosomes during mitosis |  | 29 |
| 8242761567 | MPF | maturation-promoting factor (M-phase promoting factor); a protein complex required for a cell to progress from late interphase to mitosis. The active form consists of cyclin and a protein kinase |  | 30 |
| 8242761568 | prophase | the first stage of mitosis, in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begin to form, but the nucleu and nucleolus are still intact |  | 31 |
| 8242761569 | S phase | the synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated | 32 | |
| 8242761570 | sister chromatids | replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and eventually separating during mitosis or meiosis II |  | 33 |
| 8242761571 | somatic cell | any cell in multicellular organisms except a sperm or egg cell |  | 34 |
| 8242761572 | telophase | the fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter cells are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun |  | 35 |
