Sex cells
Terms : Hide Images
| 103889446 | heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring | |
| 103889447 | genetics | The scientific study of heredity | |
| 103889448 | variation | an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration | |
| 103889449 | gene | sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait | |
| 103889450 | chromosome | condensed threads of genetic material formed from chromatin as a cell prepares to divide | |
| 103889451 | life cycle | the entire span in the life of an organism from one generation to the next | |
| 103889452 | somatic cell | Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell. | |
| 103889453 | asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes and in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent | |
| 103889454 | sexual reproduction | process in which genetic material from two parents combines and produces offspring that differ genetically from either parent | |
| 103889455 | karyotype | the appearance of the chromosomal makeup of a somatic cell in an individual or species (including the number and arrangement and size and structure of the chromosomes) | |
| 103889456 | homologous chromosome | chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis | |
| 103889457 | locus | the position of a gene on a chromosome | |
| 103889458 | sex chromosome | a chromosome that determines the sex of an individual | |
| 103889459 | autosome | any chromosome other than a sex chromosome | |
| 103889460 | diploid | an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number | |
| 103889461 | haploid | an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes | |
| 103889462 | gamete | a mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes | |
| 103889463 | fertilization | process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell | |
| 103889464 | zygote | diploid cell formed when the nucleus of a haploid sperm cell fuses with the nucleus of a haploid egg cell | |
| 103889465 | meiosis | a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells | |
| 103889466 | meiosis 2 | the function of M2 is to seperate the sister chromatids. each daughter cell ends up with single stranded chromosomes | |
| 103889467 | synapsis | the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis | |
| 103889468 | sister chromatid | one of the two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome in a eukaryotic cell | |
| 103889469 | tetrad | A paired set of homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids. Tetrads form during prophase I of meiosis. | |
| 103889470 | crossing over | the interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis | |
| 103889471 | chiasmata | The X-shaped, microscopically visible region representing homologous chromatids that have exchanged genetic material through crossing over during meiosis. | |
| 103889472 | synaptomal complex | proteins that hold tetrad together untill cross over occurs | |
| 103889473 | independent assortment | the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes | |
| 103889474 | alternation of generation | An organism that has this pattern alternates between a haploid and a diploid generation | |
| 103889475 | sporophyte | diploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism | |
| 103889476 | gametophyte | Haploid, or gamete-producing, phase of an organism |
