Terms : Hide Images
| 6152390327 | Operator | The regulatory "switch" that is a segment of DNA usually positioned within the promoter | 0 | |
| 6152408601 | Operon | The entire stretch of DNA that includes the operator, the promoter, and the genes that they control | 1 | |
| 6152419883 | Repressor | The way operons can be switched off | 2 | |
| 6152431360 | Regulatory gene | The gene that produces the repressor | 3 | |
| 6152516452 | Corepressor | A molecule that cooperates with a repressor protein to switch an operon off | 4 | |
| 6152525349 | Repressible operon | An operon that is usually on; binding of a repressor to the operator shuts off transcription | 5 | |
| 6152533016 | Inducible operon | An operon that is usually off; a molecule called an inducer inactivates the repressor and turns on transcription | 6 | |
| 6152540501 | Lac operon | An inducible operon that also contains genes that code for enzymes used in the hydrolysis and metabolism of lactose | 7 | |
| 6152566561 | Inducer | A molecule that inactivates the repressor to turn the lac operon on | 8 | |
| 6152595195 | Negative feedback loops | The type of feedback loop that trp and lac operons have | 9 | |
| 6152603468 | Catabolite activator protein (CAP) | An activator that binds with cyclic AMP when there is a scarcity of glucose | 10 | |
| 6152610694 | Differential gene expression | The expression of different genes by cells with the same genome | 11 | |
| 6152614131 | Histone accetylation | When acetyl groups are attached to positively charged lysines in histone tails causing it to unravel | 12 | |
| 6152655647 | Histone methylation | When methyl groups attach to histones causing the chromatin to condense | 13 | |
| 6152674857 | Genomic imprinting | When methylation regulates expression of either the maternal or paternal alleles of certain genes at the start of development | 14 | |
| 6152686490 | Epigenetic inheritance | The inheritance of traits transmitted by the mechanisms not directly involving the nucleotide sequence | 15 | |
| 6152747833 | Control elements | Segments of noncoding DNA that help regulate transcription by binding certain proteins | 16 | |
| 6152807223 | Alternative gene splicing | Different mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript, depending on which RNA segments are treated as exons and which as introns | 17 | |
| 6152819275 | Proteasomes | Giant protein complexes that bind protein molecules and degrade them | 18 | |
| 6152828003 | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) | Small single-stranded RNA molecules that can bind to mRNA | 19 | |
| 6153059506 | RNA interference (RNAi) | The phenomenon of inhibition of gene expression by RNA molecules | 20 | |
| 6153070029 | Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) | The molecule that causes RNAi | 21 | |
| 6153104375 | Cell differentiation | The process by which cells become specialized in structure and function | 22 | |
| 6153117157 | Cytoplasmic determinants | Maternal substances in the egg that influence early development | 23 | |
| 6153136643 | Morphogenesis | The physical processes that give an organism its shape | 24 | |
| 6153236420 | Determination | Committing a cell to its final fate | 25 | |
| 6153242916 | Pattern formation | The development of a spatial organization of tissues and organs | 26 | |
| 6153279589 | Embryonic lethals | Embryos with lethal mutations | 27 | |
| 6153298898 | Maternal effect genes | Genes that encode for cytoplasmic determinants that initially establish the axes of the body of Drosophila | 28 | |
| 6153309471 | Bicoid | A maternal gene that affects the front half of the body | 29 | |
| 6153315656 | Oncogenes | Cancer-causing genes | 30 | |
| 6153333358 | Proto-oncogenes | The corresponding normal cellular genes that are responsible for normal cell growth and division | 31 | |
| 6153343167 | Tumor-suppressor genes | Genes that help prevent uncontrolled cell growth | 32 | |
| 6153348514 | Ras gene | A gene that when it mutates, can cause a hyperactive Ras protein and increase cell division | 33 | |
| 6153361238 | P53 | Mutations of this gene will prevent suppression of the cell cycle | 34 |
