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| 4987647204 | Evolution | - Descent with modification. - Process consists of the mechanisms that produce the observed pattern of change. | 0 | |
| 4987647205 | Aristotle | - Believed life forms can be arranged on the scala naturae, increasing in complexity. - Believed that organisms were fixed. | 1 | |
| 4987647206 | Lamarck | 1. Use & disuse- parts of the body that are used extensively become larger and stronger, while those that are not used deteriorate. - Ex. A giraffe stretching its neck to reach leaves on higher branches. 2. Inheritance of acquired characteristics- An organism can pass down these modifications to its offspring. - Evolution occurs because organisms have an innate drive to become more complex. | 2 | |
| 4987647207 | Darwin | - Voyage around the world on the HMS Beagle - He observed geologic change and concluded that physical evidence did not support the traditional view that the earth was only a few thousand years old. - He found that organisms on the Galapagos Islands were similar to those on the South American mainland. | 3 | |
| 4987647208 | Natural Selection | - The process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates that other individuals because of those traits. - Can amplify or diminish only heritable traits that differ among the individuals in a population. | 4 | |
| 4987647209 | Descent with modification | - Unity of life- All organisms are descended from a common ancestor. - Descendents acquired diverse adaptations because of living in different environments. - Life= tree with branches from a common trunk, each fork represents most recent c. ancestor. |  | 5 |
| 4987647210 | Thomas Malthus | - Human suffering- disease, famine, and war resulted from the human population's potential to increase faster than food supplies and other resources. | 6 | |
| 4987647211 | Survival of the fittest | - Organisms that are best adapted to their environment will have offspring and pass down their traits. | 7 | |
| 4987647212 | Homology | - Similarity resulting from common ancestry. | 8 | |
| 4987647213 | Homologous structures | - Structures that represent variations on a structural theme in a group of animas that was present in their common ancestor. - Ex. Arms, forelegs, flippers and wings of different mammals. | 9 | |
| 4987647214 | Vestigial Structures | - Remnants of features that served a function in the organism's ancestors. - Ex. some snake skeletons retain vestiges of the pelvis and leg bones of walking ancestors. | 10 | |
| 4987647215 | Comparative biochemistry | - All forms of life use the same genetic language of DNA and RNA- genetic code is essentially universal. - Likely that all species descended from common ancestors that used this code. | 11 | |
| 4987647216 | The Fossil Record | - Documents the pattern of evolution- past organisms differed from present-day organisms & shows that many species have become extinct. - Shows that descent with modification produced increasingly large differences among related groups of organisms, ultimately resulting in the diversity of life. | 12 | |
| 4987647217 | Biogeography | - The scientific study of the geographic distributions of species. | 13 |
