Terms : Hide Images
| 8431821327 | Analogy | Similarity between two species that is due to convergent evolution rather than to descent from a common ancestor with the same trait | 0 | |
| 8431821328 | Binomial | The two-part latinized name of a species, consisting of genus and specific epithet | 1 | |
| 8431821329 | Clade | Each evolutionary branch in a cladogram | 2 | |
| 8431821330 | Cladistics | The analysis of how species may be grouped into clades | 3 | |
| 8431821331 | Cladogram | A diagram depicting patterns of shared characteristics among species | 4 | |
| 8431821332 | Class | the taxonomic category above order | 5 | |
| 8431821333 | Domain | A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eularya |  | 6 |
| 8431821334 | Family | the taxonomic category above genus | | 7 |
| 8431821335 | Fossil Records | The chronicle of evolution over millions of years of geologic time engraved in the order in which fossils appear in rock strata | 8 | |
| 8431821336 | Genus | A taxonomic category above the species level, designated by the first word of a species' two-part scientific name | | 9 |
| 8431821337 | Homology | Similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestor | 10 | |
| 8431821338 | Homoplasy | Similar structure or molecular sequence that has evolved independently in two species | 11 | |
| 8431821339 | In-group | In a cladistic study of evolutionary relationships among taxa of organisms, the group of taxa that is actually being analyzed | 12 | |
| 8431821340 | Kingdom | A taxonomic category, the second broadest after domain | | 13 |
| 8431821341 | Maximum likelihood | A principle that states that when considering multiple phylogentic hypotheses, one should take into account the one that reflects the most likely sequence of evolutionary events, given certain rules about how DNA changes over time | 14 | |
| 8431821342 | Maximum parsimony | A principle that states that when considering multiple explanations for an observation, one should first investigate the simplest explanation that is consistent with the facts | 15 | |
| 8431821343 | Molecular clock | An evolutionary timing method based on the observation that at least some regions of genomes evolve at constant rates | 16 | |
| 8431821344 | Molecular systematics | The comparison of nucleic acids or other molecules in different species to infer relatedness | 17 | |
| 8431821345 | Monophyletic | Pertaining to a grouping of species consisting of an ancestral species and all of its descendants; a clade | 18 | |
| 8431821346 | Neutral theory | The hypothesis that much evolutionary change in genes and proteins has no effect on fitness and therefore is not influences by natural selection | 19 | |
| 8431821347 | Order | The taxonomic category above family |  | 20 |
| 8431821348 | Orthologous genes | Homologous genes that are passed in a straight line from one generation to the next, but have ended up in different gene pools because of speciation | 21 | |
| 8431821349 | Out-group | A species or group of species that is closely related to the group of species that is closely related to the group of species being studied but clearly not as closely related as any study-group members are to each other | 22 | |
| 8431821350 | Paralogous genes | Homologous genes that are found in the same genome due to gene duplication | 23 | |
| 8431821351 | Paraphyletic | Pertaining to a grouping of species that consists of an ancestral species and some, but not all, of its decendants | 24 | |
| 8431821352 | Phylogenetic tree | A branching diagram that represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships | 25 | |
| 8431821353 | Phylogeny | The evolutionary history of a species or group of related species | 26 | |
| 8431821354 | Phylogram | A phylogenetic tree in which the lengths of the branches reflect the number of genetic changes that have taken place in a particular DNA or RNA sequence in the various lineages | 27 | |
| 8431821355 | Phylum | the taxonomic category above class | | 28 |
| 8431821356 | Polyphyletic | Pertaining to a grouping of species derived from two or more different ancestral forms | 29 | |
| 8431821357 | Shared derived character | An evolutionary novelty that evolved within a particular clade | 30 | |
| 8431821358 | Shared primitive character | A character displayed in species outside a particular taxon | 31 | |
| 8431821359 | Specific epithet | The second part of binomial, referring to one species within a genus | 32 | |
| 8431821360 | Systematics | The analytical study of the diversity and relationships of organisms, both present day and extinct | 33 | |
| 8431821361 | Taxon | The named taxonomic unit at any given level of classification | 34 | |
| 8431821362 | Taxonomy | Ordered division of organisms into categories based on a set of characteristics used to assess similarities and differences, leading to a classification scheme; the branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying the diverse forms of life | 35 | |
| 8431821363 | Ultrametric tree | A phylogenetic tree in which the lengths of the branches reflect measurements of geologic time | 36 |
