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AP Biology Chapter 3 Flashcards

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7434535193Polar Covalent Bondcovalent bond were shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative electron0
7434535194Polar MoleculeMolecule where the overall charge is not equally shared1
7434535195Cohesionlinking together two like molecules2
7434535196adhesionclinging of one substance to another3
7434535197Surface Tensionmeasure of how difficult to stretch/break surface of liquid4
7434535198kinetic energyenergy of motion5
7434535199Heatform of energy6
7434535200tempertauremeasure of heat intensity representative average KE regardless of volume7
7434535201calorie (cal)amount of heat it take to raise 1g of water by 1 degree Celsius8
7434535202kilocalorie (kcal)1000 cal, quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree Celcuis9
7434535203joule (j)energy unit10
74345352041 J= ___ cal0.23911
74345352051 cal=___ J4.18412
7434535206specific heatamount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance by 1 degree Celcuis13
7434535207vaporization (evaporation)liquid to gas14
7434535208Heat of Vaporizationquantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from liquid to gas15
7434535209evaporative coolingprocess where an object becomes cooler during evaporation, result of molecules with higher KE changing from liquid to gas more quickly than others16
7434535210solutiona liquid that is completely homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances17
7434535211solventdissolving agent of soln.18
7434535212solutesubstance that is being dissolved19
7434535213aqueous solutionone in which water is solvent20
7434535214hydrogen shellsphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion21
7434535215hydrophilicany substance that has a natural affinity for water22
7434535216colloidstable suspension of fine particles in liquid23
7434535217hydrophobicrepels water24
7434535218molecular masssum of masses of all atoms in molecule25
7434535219mole (mol)6.02*10^2326
7434535220molarity# of moles per solute per L of solution27
7434535221Hydrogen ion (H+)when a hydrogen atom in hydrogen bond shifts from one molecule to the other, it leaves its electron behind28
7434535222hydroxide ionwater molecule that lost a proton29
7434535223hydromuim ion (H3O+)protein binds to the other water molecule30
7434535224acidsubstance that raises the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. 0-6 pH31
7434535225basesubstance that lowers the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. 8-14 pH32
7434535226buffersubstance that minimizes the changes in concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution33
7434535227ocean acidificationwhen CO2 reacts with water making it acidic34
7434535228acid precipitationrefers to rain, snow, or fog with a pH lower than 535

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