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| 6417806184 | IMMUNE SYSTEM | The defensive lines of your body used to fight off pathogens. | 0 | |
| 6417818428 | INNATE IMMUNITY | Defense that is active immediately upon infection, unaffected by whether the pathogen has been encountered before. | 1 | |
| 6417823902 | ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY | Incredibly specific cells in the body (called T cells and B cells) have special weapons designed for specific pathogens. When a pathogen is encountered, the final defense against it is the specific T cell with receptors aligned to that pathogen's antigens multiplying and destroying the pathogen. After the first encounter, memory cells will be active to much more quickly and more powerfully respond to the pathogen. This means a second encounter may mean you don't even get sick. | 2 | |
| 6419625160 | LYSOZYME | An enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls. | 3 | |
| 6419626147 | PHAGOCYTOSIS | The process of one cell consuming another. | 4 | |
| 6419633496 | TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR | These receptors are similar to Toll receptors in insects as their target pathogens are defined by a certain characteristic. (ex. TLR3 is the receptor for double-stranded RNA) | 5 | |
| 6419645241 | NEUTROPHIL | These cells go through phagocytosis. They circulate in the blood, being attracted by signals from infected tissue. They engulf and destroy the infection. | 6 | |
| 6419649758 | MACROPHAGE | These cells are called "big eaters" because they eat practically anything. They usually reside in pathogen-prone areas like the spleen, though some may travel throughout the body. | 7 | |
| 6419663067 | DENDRITIC CELL | These phagocytes reside in areas that contact the environment (mainly skin). They also stimulate adaptive immunity. | 8 | |
| 6419668781 | EOSINOPHIL | These phagocytes are not necessarily cell destroyers, but they release destructive enzymes that combat multicellular invaders like parasitic worms. | 9 | |
| 6419672905 | NATURAL KILLER CELL | These cells patrol the body, detecting abnormal surface proteins on virus and cancer cells. They are not phagocytes as they do not eat pathogens; instead, they force the cells to go through apoptosis (programmed cell death) by releasing perforin. | 10 | |
| 6419682247 | INTERFERON | Cells that have been infected by viruses secrete interferons, proteins that cause surrounding uninfected cells to limit the spread of the virus. | 11 | |
| 6419723104 | COMPLEMENT SYSTEM | Consisting of about 30 proteins in blood plasma, this system can destroy large numbers of pathogens using a biochemical cascade of reactions that can cause lysis of invading cells. | 12 | |
| 6419733114 | INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE | Pain and swelling caused by signaling molecules alerting your immune system to an infection or injury. | 13 | |
| 6419737107 | HISTAMINE | A signaling molecule that causes blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable. | 14 | |
| 6419741858 | MAST CELL | Cells that store histamine in their vesicles. | 15 | |
| 6419743281 | CYTOKINE | Signaling molecules that enhance the immune response. They increase blood flow to the site of infection/injury. | 16 | |
| 6419749928 | LYMPHOCYTE | A type of white blood cell that includes T and B cells. | 17 | |
| 6419753480 | THYMUS | An organ in the thoracic cavity above the heart. | 18 | |
| 6419756626 | T CELL | Lymphocytes that travel from the bone marrow to the thymus to mature. | 19 | |
| 6419760646 | B CELL | Lymphocytes that remain in the bone marrow to mature. | 20 | |
| 6419768081 | ANTIGEN | Any substance that elicits a response from a T cell or B cell. | 21 | |
| 6419770484 | ANTIGEN RECEPTOR | When a specific B/T cell binds to its specific pathogen via an antigen receptor, recognition occurs and the immune system mounts its final response. | 22 | |
| 6419782490 | EPITOPE | The small portion of an antigen that binds to a antigen receptor. | 23 | |
| 6419787611 | B CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR | A Y-shaped molecule that consists of four polypeptide chains: 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains. |  | 24 |
| 6419799214 | ANTIBODY | Similar to the B cell antigen receptors, they are secreted instead of attached to the cell. These antibodies clump viruses or bacteria together, restricting their movement. | 25 | |
| 6419816563 | MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC) MOLECULE | The protein that presents the antigen fragment on the surface of a cell. | 26 | |
| 6419840997 | EFFECTOR CELL | Short-lived cells created as clones of T cells and B cells that fight the pathogen. These include plasma cells from B cells and memory T cells. | 27 |
