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Ap Biology Chapter 45 Flashcards

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6695977620Endocrine systemSecretes hormones into blood from ductless glands that coordinate slower but longer-acting responses0
6695977621ParacrineSignals act on cells near the secreting cell1
6695977622Local regulatorsChemical signals that travel over short distances due to diffusion2
6695977623AutocrineSignals act on the secreting cell itself (usually for apoptosis)3
6695977624PheromonesChemical signals that are released from the body and are used to communicate with other individuals4
6695977625HypothalamusWhat gland is this?5
6695977626PinealWhat gland is this?6
6695977627PituitaryWhat gland is this?7
6695977628ThyroidWhat gland is this?8
6695977629ParathyroidWhat gland is this?9
6695977630AdrenalWhat gland is this?10
6695977631PancreasWhat gland is this?11
6695977632KidneyWhat gland is this?12
6695977633OvariesWhat gland is this?13
6695977634ThymusWhat gland is this?14
6695977635HeartWhat gland is this?15
6695977636LiverWhat gland is this?16
6695977637StomachWhat gland is this?17
6695977638Small intestineWhat gland is this?18
6695977639Type I diabetes mellitusAn autoimmune disorder in which the immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells (usually develops while you're young)19
6695977640Type II diabetes mellitusInvolves insulin deficiency or reduced response of target cells due to change in insulin receptors (due to being overweight and not exercising)20
6695995259Signal TransductionThe linkage of mechanical, chemical, or electromagnetic stimulus to a specific cellular response21
6696013441HormoneA regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action.22
6696029175ProstaglandinsAny of a group of cyclic fatty acid compounds with varying hormonelike effects.23
6696060141NeurohormonesA hormone produced by nerve cells and secreted into the circulation.24
6696068328EpinephrineA hormone secreted by the adrenal glands, especially in conditions of stress.25
6696090766Negative FeedbackThe diminution or counteraction of an effect by its own influence on the process giving rise to it, as when a high level of a particular hormone in the blood may inhibit further secretion of that hormone, or where the result of a certain action may inhibit further performance of that action.26
6696101805Islets of LangerhansGroups of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon.27
6696113341Posterior pituitaryA small gland in the head called the master gland that secretes the hormone oxytocin which increases uterine contractions and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which increases reabsorption of water by the tubules of the kidney.28
6696141479Anterior pituitaryis the glandular, anterior lobe in the pituitary gland that regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, reproduction and lactation29
6696171271Tropic hormoneAny hormone the regulates the function of endocrine cells or glands.30
6696184372Growth HormoneAny hormone that stimulates growth through tropic and nontropic effects.31
6696223250CortiocosteroidsAny of a group of steroid hormones produced in the adrenal cortex or made synthetically.32
6696240426GlucocorticoidsAny of a group of corticosteroids (e.g., hydrocortisone) that are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats and have anti-inflammatory activity.33
6696255460MineralocorticoidsA corticosteroid, such as aldosterone, that is involved with maintaining the salt balance in the body.34
6696272177MelatoninA hormone that regulates functions relates to light and to seasons marked by changes in day light, ultimately affecting the biological clock of the organism.35
6696292596ProgestinsHormones that prepare and maintain tissues of the uterus.36
6696301723EstrogensHormones that are formally responsible for the maintenance of the female reproductive system.37

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