Terms : Hide Images
| 8001688703 | Active Transport | The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient | 0 | |
| 8001688704 | Amphipathic Molecule | A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region | 1 | |
| 8001688705 | Aquaporins | A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across a membrane | 2 | |
| 8001688706 | Concentration Gradient | An increase or decrease in the number of particles per volume of a chemical substance in an area | 3 | |
| 8001688707 | Cotransport | The coupling of the "downhill" diffusion of one substance with the "uphill" transport against its own concentration gradient | 4 | |
| 8001688708 | Diffusion | the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration | 5 | |
| 8001688709 | Electrochemical Gradient | The diffusion gradient of an ion, which is affected by both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane (a chemical force) and the ion's tendency to move relative to the membrane potential (an electrical force). | 6 | |
| 8001688710 | Electrogenic Pump | An active transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane while pumping ions. | 7 | |
| 8001688711 | Endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell | 8 | |
| 8001688712 | Exocytosis | the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out | 9 | |
| 8001688713 | Facilitated Diffusion | the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins | 10 | |
| 8001688714 | Flaccid | Limp. Lacking in stiffness or firmness, as in a plant cell in surroundings where there is no tendency for water to enter the cell. | 11 | |
| 8001688715 | Fluid Mosaic Model | The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids. | 12 | |
| 8001688716 | Gated Channels | A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus. | 13 | |
| 8001688717 | Hypertonic | When comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes | 14 | |
| 8001688718 | Hypotonic | When comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes | 15 | |
| 8001688719 | Ion Channels | A transmembrane protein channel that allows a specific ion to flow across the membrane down its concentration gradient | 16 | |
| 8001688720 | Isotonic | When comparing two solutions, both have a solute concentration equal to that of the other solution | 17 | |
| 8001688721 | Ligands | A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule. | 18 | |
| 8001688722 | Membrane Potential | The charge difference between a cell's cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid, due to the differential distribution of ions. | 19 | |
| 8001688723 | Osmoregulation | The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic, hypotonic, or terrestrial environments. | 20 | |
| 8001688724 | Osmosis | diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal | 21 | |
| 8001688725 | Passive Transport | The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell. | 22 | |
| 8001688726 | Plasmolysis | When a cell is in a hypertonic environment, the cell will lose water to its surroundings, shrink, and its plasma membrane will pull away from the wall | 23 | |
| 8001688727 | Proton Pump | An active transport mechanism in cell membranes that consumes ATP to force hydrogen ions (H+) out of a cell and, in the process, generates a membrane potential | 24 | |
| 8001688728 | Selective Permeability | A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others. | 25 | |
| 8001688729 | Sodium-potassium pump | A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients. | 26 | |
| 8001688730 | Tonicity | The ability of a solution to cause a cell within it to gain or lose water. | 27 | |
| 8001688731 | Transport Proteins | Protein molecules that help to transport substances throughout the body and across cell membranes | 28 | |
| 8001688732 | Turgid | Firm. Walled cells become turgid as a result of the entry of water from a hypotonic environment. | 29 | |
| 8001688733 | Extracellular Matrix | A collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. | 30 | |
| 8001688734 | Carbohydrate chain | Made up of sugar molecules and can be joined to protein for cell communication and identification. | 31 | |
| 8001688735 | Glycoprotein | Proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them. | 32 | |
| 8001688736 | Cholesterol | Steroid present in the plasma membranes of animal cells. A large amount of this in a phospholipid bilayer at High Temperatures reduces membrane fluidity, but at Lower Temperatures prevents the membrane from solidifying. | 33 | |
| 8001688737 | Microfilaments of cytoskeleton | Provide structure and support to the cell, allow for movement and stabilization of organelles. | 34 | |
| 8001688738 | Peripheral protein | Bound to the surface of the membrane and integral proteins, but not embedded in the lipid bilayer. | 35 | |
| 8001688739 | Glycolipid | Fatty acids with linked sugar groups that are key structural elements in cell membranes and precursors of other biologically active molecules important in cell signaling | 36 | |
| 8001688740 | Integral protein | Extend entirely through the membrane with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends (imbedded) | 37 | |
| 8001713734 | Water potential | Substances diffuse from high areas to low areas. Solute potential + pressure potential | 38 | |
| 8001732846 | Solute potential | With increased concentration this becomes more negative, thus causing a decrease in water potential. | 39 | |
| 8001747336 | Pressure potential | Has a direct correlation with total water potential. Positive pressure within plant cells is called, turgor pressure. | 40 |
