Cambell and Reece
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| 523116218 | Oxidation | Losing electrons | 0 | |
| 523116219 | Reducation | Gaining Electrons | 1 | |
| 523116220 | Glycolysis | Occurs in cytosol | 2 | |
| 523116221 | How many ATP is required for glycolysis to start? | 2 | 3 | |
| 523116222 | Glycolysis yields how many ATP? | 4 net gain of 2 ATP | 4 | |
| 523116223 | 2 | glycolysis produeces how many nadh | 5 | |
| 523116224 | etc protiens | the inner membrane contains | 6 | |
| 523116225 | Matrix | contains enzymes for Krebs cycle | 7 | |
| 523116226 | Intermembrane Space | Between the cristae and the out membrane. Place where the H+ ions accumulate during ETC | 8 | |
| 523116227 | The double membrane of a mitochondria allows for what? | compartmentalization | 9 | |
| 523116228 | Glycolysis Pathway.... | Regulated by phosphofrutokinase ALLOSTERIC enzyme near beginning of pathway AMP turns pathway on (AMP is high when ATP is needed) ATP turns pathway off (don't waste energy making ATP when not needed) | 10 | |
| 523116229 | Allosteric enzyme near the beginning of pathway | glycolysis pathway | 11 | |
| 523116230 | Most widespread methabolic pathway | Glycolysis | 12 | |
| 523116231 | The earliest fossil bacteria was... | 3.5 billion yrs ago | 13 | |
| 523116232 | Large amounts of oxygen was not found until... | 2.7 Billion yrs ago | 14 | |
| 523116233 | Works without Oxygen and happens in the cytoplasm without Mitochondria | Glycolysis | 15 | |
| 523116234 | Endosymbiotic Theory | Eukaryotes appered 1 billion years after prokaryotes | 16 | |
| 523116235 | Anaerobic | without oxygen | 17 | |
| 523116236 | Fermentation | Regenerates NAD+ carriers to allow glycolysis to continue | 18 | |
| 523116237 | Alcoholic Fermentation | Used by microorganisms to make beer or wine, Used by yeast to make bread | 19 | |
| 523116238 | lactic Acid fermentation | Human muscle cells use when oxygen is low during excercise | 20 | |
| 523116239 | Alcoholic ferm. equation | Pyruvate -> CO2 + alcohol+ NAD+ | 21 | |
| 523116240 | Lactic Acid Fermentation equation | Pyruvate -> lactic acid + NAD+ | 22 | |
| 523116241 | Facultative Anarobes... | can switch between fermentation and respiration depending on quality of oxygen available. | 23 | |
| 523116242 | Acetyl co-a charging | co enzyme A that revieves carbons from pyruvate and feeds them back into Kerbs cycle | 24 | |
| 523116243 | Krebs Cycle | Release 6 original carbons in gulcose as 6 CO2. Stores energy in NADH/FADH2. OAA recives 2 carbons from Acetyl CoA to make citric acid. Each gulcose requires two turns of cycle. I gulcose produces 6 Co2, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP, 8 NADH. | 25 | |
| 523116244 | Krebs cycle occurs | Mitochondrial Matrix | 26 | |
| 523116245 | Electron Transport | stage that produces the most ATP. attached to the cristae | 27 | |
| 523116246 | nadh and fadh2 | etc uses energy to create protein gradients and atp | 28 | |
| 523116247 | the ETC includes: | 3 transmembrane Proton Pumps Carrier molecules between pumps | 29 | |
| 523116248 | ETC | Each NADH makes 3 ATP (drops its electrons at top of ETC; hits all 3 proton pumps) Each FADH2 makes 2 ATP (drops its electrons at Q; skips 1st proton pump; so makes less ATP) Electrons passing down ETC provide energy for pumping H+ ions into INTERMEMBRANE SPACE Final electron acceptor at end of ETC = O2 (O2 + 2e- +2H+ → H2O) | 30 | |
| 523116249 | How many ATP does one gulcose yield in ETC? | 36 net | 31 | |
| 523116250 | . potential energy of hydrogen ion gradient | proton motive force | 32 | |
| 523116251 | chemiosmosis | generation of ATP from a proton gradient. occurs in all living things | 33 | |
| 523116252 | OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION | using proton gradient created by electron transport chain in cristae membrane to make ATP ETC + CHEMIOSMOSIS = OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION | 34 | |
| 523116253 | SUBSTRATE LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATION | Addition of phosphate group directly WITHOUT proton gradient and ATP synthase | 35 | |
| 523116254 | Beta Oxidation | breakdown of fatty acids into 2 carbon fragments can enter Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA | 36 |
