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AP Biology Flashcards

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4795468875evolutionthe process of change that has transformed life on earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms today0
4795476628biologyscientific study of life1
4795477219emergent propertiesnew properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases2
4795483136eukaryotic cellis subdivided by internal membranes into various membrane enclosed organelles3
4795485647prokaryotic cellthe DNA is not separated from the rest of the cell4
4795488167genesthe units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring5
4795491940genomeentire library of genetic instructions that an organism inherits6
4795493903negative feedbackaccumulation of an end product of a process that slows that process7
4795496201positive feedbackan end product that speeds up its production8
4795496917domaina taxonomic category above the kingdom level9
4795498531compounda substance consisting of 2 or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio10
4795500262isotopes1 of several atomic forms of an element each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons thus differing in atomic mass11
4812858346covalent bondthe sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms12
4812860700valencebonding capacity, usually equals the number of unpaired electrons13
4812864409electro negativityattraction of a particular kind of atom for the electrons of a covalent bond14
4812867707non-polartwo atoms are equally electronegative, electrons are shared equally15
4812871779polar1 atom is to a more electronegative atom, the electrons of that bond are not shared equally16
4812876122ionic bondthe attraction between oppositely charged atoms, or ions17
4812879023hydrogen bondforms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to 1 electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom (weak chemical bond)18
4812884255cohesionbinding of molecules by hydrogen bonds19
4812887125adhesionthe clinging of one substance to another20
4824665680solutea substance that is dissolved21
4824667593solventthe dissolving agent of a solution22
4824671906hydrophilicany substance that has an affinity for water23
4824679773hydrophobicnon ionic or non polar substances that repel water24
4824682979bufferssubstances that minimize changes in the concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution25

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