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AP Biology Functional Groups Flashcards

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7306619136Phosphate Groupconsists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. Found in ATP energy molecules, DNA, and phospholipids0
7306619137Amino Groupcomposed of a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms It acts as a base by picking up H+ from a solution. Organic compounds with an amino group are called amines. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, contain a carboxyl and an amino group.1
7306619138Carbonyl Groupa carbon atom is linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom. If the carbon of the carbonyl group is at the end of a carbon skeleton, the compound is called an aldehyde; if it is within the chain, the compound is called a ketone. Sugars contain carbonyl group2
7306619139Hydroxyl Groupconsists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom Ethanol and other organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups are called alcohols.3
7306619140Sulfhydryl groupconsists of a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen Found in amino acids of proteins, help stabilize protein structure4
7306619141Carboxyl Groupcarbon double bonded to an oxygen and also bonded to a hydroxyl -OH Acts as acid because it donates H+5
7306619142Methyl groupconsists of a carbon bonded to three hydrogens. Compounds with these groups are called methylated compounds. Affects gene expression when on DNA6
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